Next-generation influenza vaccines: opportunities and challenges.,Nature Reviews Drug Discovery

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Next-generation influenza vaccines: opportunities and challenges.
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery ( IF 122.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 , DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0056-x
Chih-Jen Wei ₁ , Michelle C Crank ₂ , John Shiver ₃ , Barney S Graham ₂ , John R Mascola ₂ , Gary J Nabel ₁

Affiliation

Seasonal influenza vaccines lack efficacy against drifted or pandemic influenza strains. Developing improved vaccines that elicit broader immunity remains a public health priority. Immune responses to current vaccines focus on the haemagglutinin head domain, whereas next-generation vaccines target less variable virus structures, including the haemagglutinin stem. Strategies employed to improve vaccine efficacy involve using structure-based design and nanoparticle display to optimize the antigenicity and immunogenicity of target antigens; increasing the antigen dose; using novel adjuvants; stimulating cellular immunity; and targeting other viral proteins, including neuraminidase, matrix protein 2 or nucleoprotein. Improved understanding of influenza antigen structure and immunobiology is advancing novel vaccine candidates into human trials.

中文翻译：

下一代流感疫苗：机遇与挑战。

季节性流感疫苗对漂移或大流行的流感病毒株缺乏功效。开发能够产生更广泛免疫力的改良疫苗仍然是公共卫生的优先事项。当前疫苗的免疫反应集中在血凝素头部结构域，而下一代疫苗则针对可变性较小的病毒结构，包括血凝素茎。提高疫苗功效的策略包括使用基于结构的设计和纳米颗粒展示来优化目标抗原的抗原性和免疫原性；增加抗原剂量；使用新型佐剂；刺激细胞免疫；并针对其他病毒蛋白，包括神经氨酸酶、基质蛋白 2 或核蛋白。对流感抗原结构和免疫生物学的进一步了解正在推动新型候选疫苗进入人体试验。

更新日期：2020-02-18

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