Functionally distinct subgroups of oligodendrocyte precursor cells integrate neural activity and execute myelin formation.,Nature Neuroscience

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Functionally distinct subgroups of oligodendrocyte precursor cells integrate neural activity and execute myelin formation.
Nature Neuroscience ( IF 21.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-17 , DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0581-2
Roberta Marisca _{1,

2} , Tobias Hoche ₁ , Eneritz Agirre ₃ , Laura Jane Hoodless ₁ , Wenke Barkey ₁ , Franziska Auer _{1,

2} , Gonçalo Castelo-Branco _{3,

4} , Tim Czopka _{1,

2,

5}

Affiliation

Recent reports have revealed that oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are heterogeneous. It remains unclear whether such heterogeneity reflects different subtypes of cells with distinct functions or instead reflects transiently acquired states of cells with the same function. By integrating lineage formation of individual OPC clones, single-cell transcriptomics, calcium imaging and neural activity manipulation, we show that OPCs in the zebrafish spinal cord can be divided into two functionally distinct groups. One subgroup forms elaborate networks of processes and exhibits a high degree of calcium signaling, but infrequently differentiates despite contact with permissive axons. Instead, these OPCs divide in an activity- and calcium-dependent manner to produce another subgroup, with higher process motility and less calcium signaling and that readily differentiates. Our data show that OPC subgroups are functionally diverse in their response to neurons and that activity regulates the proliferation of a subset of OPCs that is distinct from the cells that generate differentiated oligodendrocytes.

中文翻译：

功能不同的少突胶质前体细胞亚群整合神经活动并执行髓鞘形成。

最近的报告显示少突胶质前体细胞 (OPCs) 是异质的。目前尚不清楚这种异质性是否反映了具有不同功能的不同细胞亚型，或者反映了具有相同功能的细胞的瞬时获得状态。通过整合单个 OPC 克隆的谱系形成、单细胞转录组学、钙成像和神经活动操作，我们表明斑马鱼脊髓中的 OPC 可以分为两个功能不同的组。一个亚组形成复杂的过程网络并表现出高度的钙信号传导，但尽管与允许的轴突接触，但很少区分。相反，这些 OPCs 以依赖于活性和钙的方式分裂产生另一个亚群，具有更高的过程运动性和更少的钙信号，并且很容易区分。我们的数据表明，OPC 亚群对神经元的反应在功能上是多样化的，并且该活动调节 OPCs 子集的增殖，该子集不同于产生分化少突胶质细胞的细胞。

更新日期：2020-02-17

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