A wheat protein phosphatase PP2C-a10, which interacted with TaDOG1L1 and TaDOG1L4, promoted seed germination and decreased drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. Seed dormancy and germination are critical to plant fitness. DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) is a quantitative trait locus for dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. Some interactions between DOG1 and the type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) have been reported in Arabidopsis. However, the research on molecular functions and regulations of DOG1Ls and group A PP2Cs in wheat (Triticum aestivum. L), an important crop plant, is rare. In this study, the whole TaDOG1L family was identified. Expression analysis revealed that TaDOG1L2, TaDOG1L4 and TaDOG1L-N2 specially expressed in wheat grains, while others displayed distinct expression patterns. Yeast two-hybrid analysis of TaDOG1Ls and group A TaPP2Cs revealed interaction patterns differed from those in Arabidopsis, and TaDOG1L1 and TaDOG1L4 interacted with TaPP2C-a10. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that TaPP2C-a10 exhibited the highest transcript level in wheat grains. Further investigation showed that ectopic expression of TaPP2C-a10 in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and decreased sensitivity to ABA during germination stage. Additionally, TaPP2C-a10 transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited decreased tolerance to drought stress. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis indicated that TaPP2C-a10 gene was conserved in angiosperm during evolutionary process. Overall, our results reveal the role of TaPP2C-a10 in seed germination and abiotic stress response, as well as the functional diversity of TaDOG1L family.

中文翻译：

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小麦 PP2C-a10 调节转基因拟南芥的种子萌发和耐旱性。

与 TaDOG1L1 和 TaDOG1L4 相互作用的小麦蛋白磷酸酶 PP2C-a10 促进了转基因拟南芥的种子萌发并降低了耐旱性。种子休眠和发芽对植物健康至关重要。萌发延迟 1 (DOG1) 是拟南芥休眠的数量性状基因座。在拟南芥中已经报道了 DOG1 和 2C 型蛋白磷酸酶 (PP2Cs) 之间的一些相互作用。然而，关于DOG1Ls和A组PP2Cs在重要农作物小麦（Triticum aestivum.L）中的分子功能和调控的研究却很少。在这项研究中，确定了整个 TaDOG1L 家族。表达分析表明，TaDOG1L2、TaDOG1L4 和 TaDOG1L-N2 专门在小麦籽粒中表达，而其他的则表现出不同的表达模式。TaDOG1Ls 和 A 组 TaAPP2Cs 的酵母双杂交分析显示相互作用模式与拟南芥不同，TaDOG1L1 和 TaDOG1L4 与 TaPP2C-a10 相互作用。qRT-PCR 分析表明，TaPP2C-a10 在小麦籽粒中表现出最高的转录水平。进一步研究表明，TaPP2C-a10 在拟南芥中的异位表达促进了种子萌发并降低了萌发阶段对 ABA 的敏感性。此外，TaPP2C-a10 转基因拟南芥对干旱胁迫的耐受性降低。最后，系统发育分析表明TaPP2C-a10基因在被子植物进化过程中是保守的。总体而言，我们的结果揭示了 TaPP2C-a10 在种子萌发和非生物胁迫响应中的作用，以及 TaDOG1L 家族的功能多样性。