Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the most widely used anionic alkyl sulfate surfactants. Toxicological information on SDS is accumulating, however, mechanisms of SDS toxicity regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, the relationship between the SDS-sensitive mutants and their intracellular ROS levels has been investigated. Through a genome-scale screen, we have identified 108 yeast single-gene deletion mutants that are sensitive to 0.03% SDS. These genes were predominantly related to the cellular processes of metabolism, cell cycle and DNA processing, cellular transport, transport facilities and transport routes, transcription and the protein with binding function or cofactor requirement (structural or catalytic). Measurement of the intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels of these SDS-sensitive mutants showed that about 79% of SDS-sensitive mutants accumulated significantly higher intracellular ROS levels than the wild-type cells under SDS stress. Moreover, SDS could generate oxidative damage and up-regulate several antioxidant defenses genes, and some of the SDS-sensitive genes were involved in this process. This study provides insight on yeast genes involved in SDS tolerance and the elevated intracellular ROS caused by SDS stress, which is a potential way to understand the detoxification mechanisms of SDS by yeast cells.

中文翻译：

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全基因组鉴定涉及酿酒酵母中十二烷基硫酸钠毒性的基因。

十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）是使用最广泛的阴离子烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂之一。有关SDS的毒理学信息正在积累，但是，对SDS毒性调节的机制仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，已对SDS敏感突变体与其细胞内ROS水平之间的关系进行了研究。通过基因组规模的筛选，我们确定了108个对0.03％SDS敏感的酵母单基因缺失突变体。这些基因主要与新陈代谢的细胞过程，细胞周期和DNA加工，细胞转运，转运设施和转运途径，转录以及具有结合功能或辅因子要求（结构或催化）的蛋白质有关。对这些对SDS敏感的突变体的细胞内ROS（活性氧）水平的测量表明，在SDS胁迫下，约79％的对SDS敏感的突变体积累的细胞内ROS水平明显高于野生型细胞。此外，SDS可能产生氧化损伤并上调一些抗氧化防御基因，而一些对SDS敏感的基因也参与了这一过程。这项研究提供了有关参与SDS耐受性的酵母基因以及由SDS应激引起的细胞内ROS升高的见解，这是了解酵母细胞对SDS的解毒机制的潜在途径。并且一些对SDS敏感的基因也参与了这一过程。这项研究提供了有关参与SDS耐受性的酵母基因以及由SDS应激引起的细胞内ROS升高的见解，这是了解酵母细胞对SDS的解毒机制的潜在途径。并且一些对SDS敏感的基因也参与了这一过程。这项研究提供了有关参与SDS耐受性的酵母基因以及由SDS应激引起的细胞内ROS升高的见解，这是了解酵母细胞对SDS的解毒机制的潜在途径。