当前位置: X-MOL 学术Environ. Sci. Technol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Will Water Issues Constrain Oil and Gas Production in the United States?
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06390
Bridget R Scanlon 1 , Svetlana Ikonnikova 1 , Qian Yang 1 , Robert C Reedy 1
Affiliation  

The rapid growth in U.S. unconventional oil and gas has made energy more available and affordable globally but brought environmental concerns, especially related to water. We analyzed the water-related sustainability of energy extraction, focusing on: (a) meeting the rapidly rising water demand for hydraulic fracturing (HF) and (b) managing rapidly growing volumes of water co-produced with oil and gas (produced water, PW). We analyzed historical (2009-2017) HF water and PW volumes in ∼73 000 wells and projected future water volumes in major U.S. unconventional oil (semiarid regions) and gas (humid regions) plays. Results show a marked increase in HF water use, and depleting groundwater in some semiarid regions (e.g., by ≤58 ft [18 m]/year in Eagle Ford). PW from oil reservoirs (e.g., Permian) is ∼15× higher than that from gas reservoirs (Marcellus). Water issues related to both HF water demand and PW supplies may be partially mitigated by closing the loop through reuse of PW for HF of new wells. However, projected PW volumes exceed HF water demand in semiarid Bakken (2.1×), Permian Midland (1.3×), and Delaware (3.7×) oil plays, with the Delaware oil play accounting for ∼50% of the projected U.S. oil production. Therefore, water issues could constrain future energy production, particularly in semiarid oil plays.

中文翻译:

水问题会限制美国的油气生产吗?

美国非常规油气的快速增长使能源在全球范围内更易获得和可负担,但带来了环境问题,尤其是与水有关的问题。我们分析了能源开采与水有关的可持续性,重点是:(a)满足水力压裂(HF)迅速增长的水需求,以及(b)管理与石油和天然气(产出水, PW)。我们分析了约7.3万口井的历史(2009-2017年)HF水和PW量,并预测了美国主要非常规石油(塞米利德地区)和天然气(潮湿地区)的未来水量。结果表明,HF用水量显着增加,并且在一些半干旱地区消耗了地下水(例如,Eagle Ford每年减少≤58 ft [18 m] /年)。来自储油罐的PW(例如,二叠纪)比气藏(Marcellus)高15倍。与HF需求和PW供应有关的水问题可以通过将PW重新用于新井的HF来关闭环路来部分缓解。但是,在半干旱的Bakken(2.1倍),二叠纪中部(1.3倍)和特拉华(3.7倍)石油储量中,预计的PW量超过了HF的用水需求,而特拉华的石油储量约占美国石油总产量的50%。因此,水问题可能会限制未来的能源生产,特别是在半干旱石油开采中。特拉华州的石油产量约占美国预计石油产量的50%。因此,水问题可能会限制未来的能源生产,特别是在半干旱石油开采中。特拉华州的石油产量约占美国预计石油产量的50%。因此,水问题可能会限制未来的能源生产,特别是在半干旱石油开采中。
更新日期:2020-03-04
down
wechat
bug