Low temperature plasmas (LTP) are a unique class of open‐driven systems in which chemical reactions are unpredictable using established concepts. The terminal state of chemical reactions in LTP, termed the superlocal equilibrium state, is hypothesized to be defined by a proposed set of state variables. Using a LTP reactor wherein the state variables have been measured, it is shown that CO₂ spontaneously splits and the effluent speciation is independent of the influent speciation if the state variables are held constant and the residence time is long. CO₂ conversion at long residence times, which is expected to be nominally zero from equilibrium thermodynamics, can be as high as 70% in the LTP. The employed low pressure plasma reactor (P = 10 mbar) had a similar volume, productivity, and energy efficiency compared to an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge reactor, thanks to reaction rates that were three orders of magnitude faster.

中文翻译：

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低温等离子体中的超局部化学反应平衡

低温等离子体（LTP）是一类独特的开放驱动系统，在这些系统中，使用已建立的概念无法预测化学反应。假设LTP中化学反应的最终状态（称为超局部平衡状态）由一组提议的状态变量定义。使用其中已测量状态变量的LTP反应器，表明如果状态变量保持恒定且停留时间较长，则CO _2会自发分裂，并且流出物形态与流入物形态无关。在长期停留时间中，CO ₂转化率（根据平衡热力学预期名义上为零）在LTP中可能高达70％。所用的低压等离子体反应器（P 与常压介质阻挡放电反应器相比，其体积，生产率和能源效率都接近10毫巴），这归功于反应速度快了三个数量级。