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Liver tissue microbiome in NAFLD: next step in understanding the gut–liver axis?
Gut ( IF 23.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 , DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320490
Herbert Tilg 1 , Remy Burcelin 2, 3 , Valentina Tremaroli 4
Affiliation  

The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common global liver disease, is complex as multiple parallel hits drive this disorder. Whereas lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, inflammatory processes, oxidative stress and others reflect key components, studies from the past years have clearly shown that the gut microbiome might also substantially contribute to the evolution of NAFLD including its inflammatory component, that is, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several studies from the last years have revealed alterations in the gut microbiome in people with NAFLD compared with healthy controls. NAFLD subjects accompanied by advanced fibrosis exhibit a gut microbiome signature with increased concentrations of Proteobacteria and Escherichia coli .1 Gut bacteria-derived metabolites such as phenylacetic acid and endotoxin are associated with degree of steatosis in female NAFLD patients and this metabolite, and the microbiota from NAFLD patients, induced hepatic lipid accumulation when given to mice.2 Therefore, evidence is increasing that the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases including NAFLD.3 The liver is the key gatekeeper of blood flow from the portal vein draining the intestine and is constantly challenged by intestine-derived bacteria and bacterial components, such as endotoxin and other soluble molecules. Importantly, an intact intestinal epithelial barrier might protect the liver from bacterial …

中文翻译:

NAFLD 中的肝组织微生物组:了解肠-肝轴的下一步是什么?

非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 是全球最常见的肝病,其发病机制很复杂,因为多重平行攻击会驱动这种疾病。虽然脂毒性、胰岛素抵抗、炎症过程、氧化应激等反映了关键成分,但过去几年的研究清楚地表明,肠道微生物群也可能对 NAFLD 的演变做出重大贡献,包括其炎症成分,即非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(纳什)。过去几年的几项研究表明,与健康对照组相比,NAFLD 患者的肠道微生物组发生了变化。伴有晚期纤维化的 NAFLD 受试者表现出肠道微生物组特征,其中变形杆菌和大肠杆菌的浓度增加。1 肠道细菌衍生的代谢物,如苯乙酸和内毒素与女性 NAFLD 患者的脂肪变性程度相关,而这种代谢物和 NAFLD 患者的微生物群在给予小鼠时会诱导肝脏脂质积累。 2 因此,越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群及其代谢物可能在包括 NAFLD 在内的肝脏疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。 3 肝脏是从门静脉排出肠道的血流的关键看门人,并且不断受到肠道细菌和细菌成分的挑战,例如作为内毒素和其他可溶性分子。重要的是,完整的肠上皮屏障可能会保护肝脏免受细菌的侵害…… 和 NAFLD 患者的微生物群,当给予小鼠时会诱导肝脏脂质积累。2因此,越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群及其代谢物可能在包括 NAFLD 在内的肝脏疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。 3 肝脏是关键的看门人从门静脉排出肠道的血液不断受到来自肠道的细菌和细菌成分(如内毒素和其他可溶性分子)的挑战。重要的是,完整的肠上皮屏障可能会保护肝脏免受细菌的侵害…… 和 NAFLD 患者的微生物群,当给予小鼠时会诱导肝脏脂质积累。2因此,越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群及其代谢物可能在包括 NAFLD 在内的肝脏疾病的发病机制中起关键作用。 3 肝脏是关键的看门人从门静脉排出肠道的血液不断受到来自肠道的细菌和细菌成分(如内毒素和其他可溶性分子)的挑战。重要的是,完整的肠上皮屏障可能会保护肝脏免受细菌的侵害…… 3 肝脏是从门静脉排出肠道的血流的关键看门人,并且不断受到肠道来源的细菌和细菌成分(如内毒素和其他可溶性分子)的挑战。重要的是,完整的肠上皮屏障可能会保护肝脏免受细菌的侵害…… 3 肝脏是从门静脉排出肠道的血流的关键看门人,并且不断受到肠道来源的细菌和细菌成分(如内毒素和其他可溶性分子)的挑战。重要的是,完整的肠上皮屏障可能会保护肝脏免受细菌的侵害……
更新日期:2020-02-14
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