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Perceptions and practices of general practitioners on providing oral health care to people with diabetes - a qualitative study.
BMC Family Practice ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-13 , DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-1102-9
Prakash Poudel 1, 2, 3, 4 , Rhonda Griffiths 2 , Vincent W Wong 3, 4, 5 , Amit Arora 6, 7, 8, 9 , Jeff R Flack 3, 5, 10, 11 , Chee L Khoo 12 , Ajesh George 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 13
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Poorly controlled diabetes leads to multiple complications including oral health problems. General practitioners (GPs) are at the forefront of management of chronic diseases in primary health care. Diabetes guidelines encourage a proactive role for GPs in oral health complications management in people with diabetes, yet little is known about this area of care. This study aimed to explore current practices, perceptions and barriers of GPs towards oral health care for people with diabetes. METHODS We employed a qualitative research method utilising telephone interviews. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit 12 GPs from Greater Sydney region. A thematic analysis involving an inductive approach was used to identify and analyse contextual patterns and themes. RESULTS A majority of participants were males (n = 10), working in group practices (n = 11) with a mean ± SD age of 55 ± 11.4 years and 25 ± 13.6 years work experience. Three major themes emerged: oral health care practices in general practice settings; barriers and enablers to oral health care; and role of diabetes care providers in promoting oral health. Most GPs acknowledged the importance of oral health care for people with diabetes, identifying their compromised immune capacity and greater risks of infections as risk factors. GPs reported 20-30% of their patients having oral health problems, however their current oral health care practices relating to education, risk assessment and referrals were reported as very limited. GPs identified several barriers including time constraints, absence of referral pathways, and limited knowledge and training in promoting oral health care. They also reported patient barriers including oral health care costs and lower oral health awareness. GPs perceived that resources such as education/training, a standardised assessment tool and patient education materials could support them in promoting oral health care. GPs also perceived that other diabetes care providers such as diabetes educators could play an important role in promoting oral health. CONCLUSIONS Despite current recommendations, GPs' current oral health care practices among people with diabetes are limited. Further strategies including capacity building GPs by developing appropriate oral health training programs and simple risk assessment tools along with accessible referral pathways are needed to address the current barriers.

中文翻译:

全科医生对糖尿病患者提供口腔保健的看法和实践-定性研究。

背景技术不良控制的糖尿病导致多种并发症,包括口腔健康问题。全科医生(GPs)在初级保健中处于慢性病管理的最前沿。糖尿病指南鼓励全科医生在糖尿病患者口腔健康并发症管理中发挥积极作用,但对这一护理领域知之甚少。这项研究旨在探讨全科医生在糖尿病患者口腔保健方面的现行做法,认识和障碍。方法我们采用了电话采访的定性研究方法。目的和雪球采样被用来从大悉尼地区招募12名GP。涉及归纳方法的主题分析用于识别和分析上下文模式和主题。结果大多数参与者为男性(n = 10),在小组练习中工作(n = 11),平均±SD年龄为55±11.4岁,工作经验为25±13.6年。出现了三个主要主题:普通实践环境中的口腔保健实践;口腔保健的障碍和推动因素;糖尿病护理提供者在促进口腔健康方面的作用。大多数全科医生都承认对糖尿病患者进行口腔保健非常重要,他们认为他们的免疫能力低下和感染风险更大是危险因素。全科医生报告说他们有20-30%的患者有口腔健康问题,但是据报道,他们目前与教育,风险评估和转诊有关的口腔保健实践非常有限。全科医生确定了一些障碍,包括时间限制,缺乏转诊途径以及在促进口腔保健方面的知识和培训有限。他们还报告了患者的障碍,包括口腔保健费用和降低口腔保健意识。全科医生认为教育/培训,标准化评估工具和患者教育资料等资源可以支持他们促进口腔保健。全科医生还认为,其他糖尿病护理提供者,例如糖尿病教育者,可能在促进口腔健康方面发挥重要作用。结论尽管有当前建议,但是全科医生目前在糖尿病患者中的口腔保健实践仍然有限。需要采取进一步的策略,包括通过制定适当的口腔健康培训计划和简单的风险评估工具以及可访问的转诊途径来建立全科医生的能力,以解决当前的障碍。全科医生认为教育/培训,标准化的评估工具和患者教育材料等资源可以支持他们促进口腔保健。全科医生还认为,其他糖尿病护理提供者,例如糖尿病教育者,可能在促进口腔健康方面发挥重要作用。结论尽管有当前建议,但是全科医生目前在糖尿病患者中的口腔保健实践仍然有限。需要采取进一步的策略,包括通过制定适当的口腔健康培训计划和简单的风险评估工具以及可访问的转诊途径来建立全科医生的能力,以解决当前的障碍。全科医生认为教育/培训,标准化评估工具和患者教育资料等资源可以支持他们促进口腔保健。全科医生还认为,其他糖尿病护理提供者,例如糖尿病教育者,可能在促进口腔健康方面发挥重要作用。结论尽管有当前建议,但是全科医生目前在糖尿病患者中的口腔保健实践仍然有限。需要采取进一步的策略,包括通过制定适当的口腔健康培训计划和简单的风险评估工具以及可访问的转诊途径来建立全科医生的能力,以解决当前的障碍。全科医生还认为,其他糖尿病护理提供者,例如糖尿病教育者,可能在促进口腔健康方面发挥重要作用。结论尽管有当前建议,但是全科医生目前在糖尿病患者中的口腔保健实践仍然有限。需要采取进一步的策略,包括通过制定适当的口腔健康培训计划和简单的风险评估工具以及可访问的转诊途径来建立全科医生的能力,以解决当前的障碍。全科医生还认为,其他糖尿病护理提供者,例如糖尿病教育者,可能在促进口腔健康方面发挥重要作用。结论尽管有当前建议,但是全科医生目前在糖尿病患者中的口腔保健实践仍然有限。需要采取进一步的策略,包括通过制定适当的口腔健康培训计划和简单的风险评估工具以及可访问的转诊途径来建立全科医生的能力,以解决当前的障碍。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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