AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal parameters related with the periodontal disease severity and the presence and levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 164 RA patients. Socio-demographics and RA disease characteristics, including ELISA-detected ACPA (anti-CCP-2), were recorded. Exposure was assessed by periodontal parameters: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels (CAL). Presence and levels of ACPAs (outcome) and exposure variables were compared by both parametric and non-parametric tests and associations were evaluated by adjusted odds ratio (OR). RESULTS A significant association was observed between the presence of anti-CCP antibodies and severity of periodontal outcomes such as the mean CAL (OR 1.483, p = 0.036), mean PI (OR 1.029, p = 0.012), and the number of pockets ≥ 5 mm (OR 1.021, p = 0.08). High anti-CCP antibodies levels were associated with mean CAL, mean PI, and number of pockets ≥ 5 mm with an OR of 1.593 (p = 0.043), 1.060 (p <  0.001), and 1.031 (p = 0.031), respectively. Furthermore, a significant increase of 4.45 U/mL in anti-CCP antibodies levels (p = 0.002) in RA patients was found for each pocket ≥ 5 mm after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, time of disease evolution, and RA activity. CONCLUSIONS In RA patients, the severity of periodontal conditions such as mean CAL, mean PI, and the number of pockets ≥ 5 mm were linearly associated with both the presence and levels of anti-CCP antibodies.

中文翻译：

---

类风湿关节炎患者牙周炎与抗瓜氨酸蛋白抗体之间的关联：一项横断面研究。

目的本研究的目的是评估类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者中与牙周疾病严重程度相关的牙周参数与抗瓜氨酸蛋白抗体（ACPA）的存在和水平之间的关系。材料和方法 这项横断面研究包括 164 名 RA 患者。记录了社会人口统计学和 RA 疾病特征，包括 ELISA 检测的 ACPA（抗 CCP-2）。通过牙周参数评估暴露量：菌斑指数（PI）、探诊出血（BoP）、探诊袋深度和临床附着水平（CAL）。通过参数和非参数检验比较 ACPA（结果）和暴露变量的存在和水平，并通过调整后的比值比 (OR) 评估关联性。结果 抗 CCP 抗体的存在与牙周结果的严重程度之间存在显着相关性，例如平均 CAL（OR 1.483，p = 0.036）、平均 PI（OR 1.029，p = 0.012）和牙周袋数量≥ 5 毫米（OR 1.021，p = 0.08）。高抗 CCP 抗体水平与平均 CAL、平均 PI 和袋数≥ 5 mm 相关，OR 分别为 1.593 (p = 0.043)、1.060 (p < 0.001) 和 1.031 (p = 0.031)。此外，在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、疾病演变时间和 RA 活动性后，发现 RA 患者的每个袋≥ 5 mm 的抗 CCP 抗体水平显着增加 4.45 U/mL (p = 0.002)。结论 在 RA 患者中，牙周状况的严重程度（例如平均 CAL、平均 PI 和牙周袋数量≥ 5 mm）与抗 CCP 抗体的存在和水平呈线性相关。