The ethanol dehydration and subsequent ethylene oligomerization to short-chain olefins using catalysts based on ZSM-5 zeolite was studied in detail. P, Fe, and Ni were added by incipient wetness impregnation on zeolites with two SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratios (50 and 80). The catalysts were characterized by N₂ adsorption–desorption, XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine, and XPS techniques, while the catalytic activity was evaluated using an isothermal fixed-bed reactor. The impregnation of P, Fe, and Ni significantly improved the formation of the desired C₃₊ olefins (olefins having three or more C atoms). Particularly, the zeolite with SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio = 50 and impregnated with P, exhibited the highest selectivity (C₃₊ olefins > 45 wt% at TOS = 5 h) in comparison with the rest of the evaluated catalysts. On the contrary, catalysts with SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio = 80 showed lower selectivity to C₃₊ olefins, producing more side products (i.e. paraffins, aromatics and diethyl-ether).

详细研究了乙醇脱水以及随后使用基于ZSM-5沸石的催化剂将乙烯低聚为短链烯烃的过程。通过在两个SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O ₃摩尔比（50和80）的沸石上进行湿润浸渍来添加P，Fe和Ni 。通过N ₂吸附-脱附，XRD，SEM-EDX，吸附吡啶的FTIR光谱和XPS技术对催化剂进行了表征，同时使用等温固定床反应器评估了催化活性。P，Fe和Ni的浸渍显着改善了所需的C ₃₊烯烃（具有三个或更多个C原子的烯烃）的形成。特别地，具有SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O的沸石与其他评估的催化剂相比，_3的摩尔比= 50并用P浸渍，表现出最高的选择性（TOS = 5 h时C ₃₊烯烃> 45 wt％）。相反，SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O ₃摩尔比＝ 80的催化剂显示出对C ₃₊烯烃的较低选择性，产生更多的副产物（即链烷烃，芳族化合物和二乙醚）。