In the context of evolutionary theory, invasion biology provides a fantastic enigma: how does a species with limited standing genetic variation survive and adapt to a novel environment? Reduced genetic diversity is typically associated with low fitness and evolutionary potential, yet some introduced species have proven to be successful invaders despite undergoing a genetic bottleneck during the early stages of colonization. Our goal in this study was to characterize population genomic and phenotype diversity of invasive Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) since colonizing the Hawaiian archipelago as early as the 1980s. Wing phenotype analysis revealed that high altitude populations possessed significantly larger wings than low altitude populations, supporting the hypothesis that insects cope with high altitude environments by developing larger wings. While we discovered low genetic diversity and differentiation in all Hawai‘i populations, three unique genetic clusters were detected with a model-free, multivariate statistical approach. We identified 23 candidate loci under selection using two complementary analyses to detect F_ST outliers across the genome. For 12 of these loci, predicted proteins are associated with Drosophila spp. chemosensation, amino acid and sodium ion transport, a Ras effector pathway, and cytidine deamination. Despite a genetic bottleneck, adventive D. suzukii populations are beginning to differentiate across the Hawaiian archipelago and selection for key behavioral and cellular processes are likely ongoing.

在进化论的语境中，入侵生物学提供了一个奇妙的谜：具有有限的遗传变异的物种如何生存并适应新的环境？遗传多样性降低通常与适应性和进化潜能低有关，尽管某些定居物种在定殖初期经历了遗传瓶颈，但已被证明是成功的入侵者。我们在这项研究中的目标是鉴定侵袭性铃木果蝇的基因组和表型多样性（双翅目：果蝇科）自从1980年代殖民夏威夷群岛以来。机翼表型分析表明，高海拔种群比低海拔种群拥有更大的机翼，这支持了昆虫通过发育更大的机翼来应对高海拔环境的假说。尽管我们在所有夏威夷人口中发现了较低的遗传多样性和分化程度，但使用无模型的多元统计方法检测到三个独特的遗传簇。我们使用两个互补分析在整个基因组中检测F _ST离群值，从而确定了23个候选基因座。对于这些基因座中的12个，预测的蛋白与果蝇相关spp。化学传感，氨基酸和钠离子转运，Ras效应子途径和胞苷脱氨基。尽管存在遗传瓶颈，外来铃木D. suzukii种群仍开始在整个夏威夷群岛地区分化，并且可能仍在选择关键的行为和细胞过程。