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Seasonal variability of sediment controls of nitrogen cycling in an agricultural stream
Biogeochemistry ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s10533-020-00644-z
Sophie A. Comer-Warner , Daren C. Gooddy , Sami Ullah , Luke Glover , Nicholas Kettridge , Sarah K. Wexler , Jan Kaiser , Stefan Krause

Agricultural streams receive large inputs of nutrients, such as nitrate (NO 3 − ) and ammonium (NH 4 + ), which impact water quality and stream health. Streambed sediments are hotspots of biogeochemical reactivity, characterised by high rates of nutrient attenuation and denitrification. High concentrations of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) previously observed in stream sediments point to incomplete denitrification, with sediments acting as a potentially significant source of global N 2 O. We investigated the effect of sediment type and seasonal variation on denitrification and N 2 O production in the streambed of an agricultural UK stream. Denitrification was strongly controlled by sediment type, with sand-dominated sediments exhibiting potential rates of denitrification almost 10 times higher than those observed in gravel-dominated sediments (0.026 ± 0.004 N 2 O–N μg g −1 h −1 for sand-dominated and 0.003 ± 0.003 N 2 O–N μg g −1 h −1 for gravel-dominated). In-situ measurements supported this finding, with higher concentrations of NO 3 − , nitrite (NO 2 − ) and N 2 O observed in the porewaters of gravel-dominated sediments. Denitrification varied substantially between seasons, with denitrification increasing from winter to autumn. Our results indicate highest NO 3 − reduction occurred in sand-dominated sediments whilst highest N 2 O concentrations occurred in gravel-dominated sediments. This suggests that finer-grained streambeds could play an important role in removing excess nitrogen from agricultural catchments without producing excess N 2 O.

中文翻译:

农业河流中氮循环的沉积物控制的季节性变化

农业河流接收大量的营养物质输入,例如硝酸盐 (NO 3 - ) 和铵盐 (NH 4 + ),这会影响水质和河流健康。河床沉积物是生物地球化学反应的热点,其特点是养分衰减和反硝化率高。先前在河流沉积物中观察到的高浓度一氧化二氮 (N 2 O) 表明反硝化作用不完全,沉积物是全球 N 2 O 的潜在重要来源。我们研究了沉积物类型和季节变化对反硝化作用和 N 2 O 的影响在英国农业河流的河床中生产。反硝化作用受到沉积物类型的强烈控制,以沙子为主的沉积物的潜在反硝化速率几乎是砾石为主的沉积物的 10 倍(0.026±0. 004 N 2 O–N μg g -1 h -1 以砂为主,0.003 ± 0.003 N 2 O–N μg g -1 h -1 以砾石为主)。原位测量支持这一发现,在以砾石为主的沉积物的孔隙水中观察到更高浓度的 NO 3 - 、亚硝酸盐 (NO 2 - ) 和 N 2 O。反硝化作用随季节变化很大,从冬季到秋季反硝化作用增加。我们的结果表明,在以砂为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 NO 3 - 还原,而在以砾石为主的沉积物中出现了最高的 N 2 O 浓度。这表明细粒河床可以在从农业集水区去除多余的氮而不产生多余的 N 2 O 方面发挥重要作用。在以砾石为主的沉积物的孔隙水中观察到更高浓度的 NO 3 - 、亚硝酸盐 (NO 2 - ) 和 N 2 O。反硝化作用随季节变化很大,从冬季到秋季反硝化作用增加。我们的结果表明,以砂为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 NO 3 - 还原,而以砾石为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 N 2 O 浓度。这表明细粒河床可以在从农业集水区去除多余的氮而不产生多余的 N 2 O 方面发挥重要作用。在以砾石为主的沉积物的孔隙水中观察到更高浓度的 NO 3 - 、亚硝酸盐 (NO 2 - ) 和 N 2 O。反硝化作用随季节变化很大,从冬季到秋季反硝化作用增加。我们的结果表明,在以砂为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 NO 3 - 还原,而在以砾石为主的沉积物中出现了最高的 N 2 O 浓度。这表明细粒河床可以在从农业集水区去除多余的氮而不产生多余的 N 2 O 方面发挥重要作用。我们的结果表明,在以砂为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 NO 3 - 还原,而在以砾石为主的沉积物中出现了最高的 N 2 O 浓度。这表明细粒河床可以在从农业集水区去除多余的氮而不产生多余的 N 2 O 方面发挥重要作用。我们的结果表明,在以砂为主的沉积物中发生了最高的 NO 3 - 还原,而在以砾石为主的沉积物中出现了最高的 N 2 O 浓度。这表明细粒河床可以在从农业集水区去除多余的氮而不产生多余的 N 2 O 方面发挥重要作用。
更新日期:2020-02-13
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