Supercapacitors (SCs) have experienced a significant increase in research activity and commercialization during the past few decades. As the primary and most important electrode active material for commercial SCs, porous carbon is produced at an industrial‐scale through traditional carbonization‐activation strategies. Nevertheless, commercial porous carbon materials have some disadvantages such as high production cost, corrosion of equipment, and emission of toxic gases and byproduct pollutants during production. In recent years, huge efforts have been made to develop novel synthesis strategies for porous carbon materials. This review focuses on the pore formation mechanisms in traditional carbonization‐activation methods, emerging activation methods, template methods, self‐template methods, and novel emerging methods for the synthesis of porous carbons for SCs. Strategies developed so far for the synthesis of porous carbon materials are summarized. The mechanisms and recent advances for each strategy are reviewed. Furthermore, future directions and synthesis strategies for porous carbons are proposed.

中文翻译：

---

超级电容器用多孔碳的合成策略

在过去的几十年中，超级电容器（SC）的研究活动和商业化进程显着增加。作为商用SC的主要也是最重要的电极活性材料，多孔碳是通过传统的碳化活化策略以工业规模生产的。然而，商用多孔碳材料具有一些缺点，例如生产成本高，设备腐蚀以及在生产过程中排放有毒气体和副产物污染物。近年来，为开发多孔碳材料的新颖合成策略做出了巨大的努力。这篇综述集中在传统碳化活化方法，新兴活化方法，模板方法，自模板方法，和新颖的新兴方法，用于合成SC的多孔碳。总结了迄今为止为合成多孔碳材料而开发的策略。审查了每种策略的机制和最新进展。此外，提出了多孔碳的未来方向和合成策略。