SummaryThe framing of environmental conservation has been changing, mainly towards a reconciliation between human needs and nature conservation. A major challenge of biosphere reserves (BRs) is the integration of biodiversity conservation and the sustainable development of local communities. Although these areas are large, they are often not large enough to contain the movements of wide-ranging species. We studied immature Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) movements to evaluate their habitat use in relation to protected areas (PAs). We particularly aimed to determine whether BRs significantly increase the protection of this wide-ranging species. We analysed the movement overlap of 26 GPS-tagged birds with the PAs of Patagonia, and we evaluated preferences for particular landscape categories with a use–availability design. Condors were mainly located in unprotected areas (56.4%), whereas 26.4% of locations were within International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) PAs and 17.2% of locations were in BRs (not including IUCN PAs). When compared to availability, birds preferred BRs over other areas, highlighting the importance of BRs in protecting species that forage in humanized areas. However, the lack of controls and management policies expose condors to several threats, such as poisoning and persecution, in both private lands and BRs. Implementing strict management practices for BRs will help to conserve wide-ranging scavengers that feed in humanized areas.

中文翻译：

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范围广泛的鸟类清道夫对生物圈保护区的利用表明其具有巨大的保护潜力

摘要环境保护的框架一直在发生变化，主要是在人类需求与自然保护之间的协调。生物圈保护区（BRs）的一个主要挑战是将生物多样性保护与当地社区的可持续发展相结合。尽管这些区域很大，但它们通常不足以容纳范围广泛的物种的活动。我们研究了未成熟的安第斯秃鹰（秃鹫) 运动，以评估与保护区 (PA) 相关的栖息地使用情况。我们特别旨在确定 BR 是否显着增加了对这一广泛物种的保护。我们分析了 26 只带有 GPS 标记的鸟类与巴塔哥尼亚保护区的运动重叠，并通过使用可用性设计评估了对特定景观类别的偏好。秃鹰主要位于未受保护的地区（56.4%），而 26.4% 的地点位于国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 保护区内，17.2% 的地点位于 BR（不包括 IUCN 保护区）。与可用性相比，鸟类更喜欢 BR，而不是其他地区，这突出了 BR 在保护在人性化地区觅食的物种方面的重要性。然而，缺乏控制和管理政策使秃鹰面临多种威胁，例如在私有土地和BRs中的中毒和迫害。对 BR 实施严格的管理措施将有助于保护在人性化区域觅食的广泛食腐动物。