Abstract Na-ion capacitors (NICs) are promising energy storage devices in virtue of their merits in combining the high energy densities of secondary batteries and the high power densities of supercapacitors. However, it is still very challenging to achieve a balanced energy-power performance in NIC device due to the kinetic imbalance between the battery-type anode and the capacitive-type cathode. In this work, an NIC device based on carbon materials for both anode and cathode has been reported. As-prepared (polyimide/graphene oxide)-derived carbon (PIGC) anode material shows excellent rate capability, which can deliver a specific capacity of 110 mAh g−1 at high current densities of 5 A g−1. In addition, the N, B co-doped expanded reduced graphite oxide (NBEG) cathode demonstrates a high specific capacitance of 328 F g−1. Due to the improved rate capability of PIGC anode and specific capacitance of NBEG cathode, the imbalance on the energy and power densities between anode and cathode is well addressed. As-assembled PIGC//NBEG device can deliver an energy density of 55 W h kg−1 even at a high power density of 9500 W kg−1. The energy-power properties of PIGC//NBEG are superior to many state-of-the-art NIC devices that using carbon or non-carbon based electrodes. This work offers not only a promising device configuration with superior energy-power properties, but also a guidance for the design strategies on electrode materials for high-throughput energy storage systems.

中文翻译：

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通过在两个电极中使用碳基材料，钠离子电容器具有卓越的能量-功率性能

摘要 钠离子电容器（NICs）结合了二次电池的高能量密度和超级电容器的高功率密度，是一种很有前景的储能装置。然而，由于电池型阳极和电容型阴极之间的动力学不平衡，在 NIC 设备中实现平衡的能量-功率性能仍然非常具有挑战性。在这项工作中，已经报道了一种基于碳材料用于阳极和阴极的 NIC 装置。所制备的（聚酰亚胺/氧化石墨烯）衍生的碳（PIGC）负极材料显示出优异的倍率性能，在 5 A g-1 的高电流密度下可提供 110 mAh g-1 的比容量。此外，N、B 共掺杂的膨胀还原氧化石墨 (NBEG) 阴极表现出 328 F g-1 的高比电容。由于 PIGC 阳极的倍率能力和 NBEG 阴极的比电容的提高，阳极和阴极之间的能量和功率密度的不平衡得到了很好的解决。即使在 9500 W kg-1 的高功率密度下，组装好的 PIGC//NBEG 设备也可以提供 55 W h kg-1 的能量密度。PIGC//NBEG 的能量-功率特性优于许多使用碳或非碳基电极的最先进的 NIC 设备。这项工作不仅提供了具有卓越能量功率特性的有前途的设备配置，而且还为高通量储能系统的电极材料设计策略提供了指导。即使在 9500 W kg-1 的高功率密度下，组装好的 PIGC//NBEG 设备也可以提供 55 W h kg-1 的能量密度。PIGC//NBEG 的能量-功率特性优于许多使用碳或非碳基电极的最先进的 NIC 设备。这项工作不仅提供了具有卓越能量功率特性的有前途的设备配置，而且还为高通量储能系统的电极材料设计策略提供了指导。即使在 9500 W kg-1 的高功率密度下，组装好的 PIGC//NBEG 设备也可以提供 55 W h kg-1 的能量密度。PIGC//NBEG 的能量-功率特性优于许多使用碳或非碳基电极的最先进的 NIC 设备。这项工作不仅提供了具有卓越能量功率特性的有前途的设备配置，而且还为高通量储能系统的电极材料设计策略提供了指导。