A robust super-hydrophobic coating was constructed on the surface of urea-formaldehyde (UF) foams through a facile immersion process in SiO₂ nanoparticle-dispersed ethanol solution with dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS) as compatibilizer. By introduction of DTMS, strong hydrogen bonding interaction formed between SiO₂ coating and UF foam. The UF-g-SiO₂/DTMS foam showed a water contact angle (CA) of 157.2° and a sliding angle (SA) of 3°, and after long-term immersion, very slight change of CA and SA was observed, while the water absorption ratio was 36.89% lower than that of pristine sample, displaying durable super-hydrophobicity. The UF-g-SiO₂/DTMS foam showed excellent self-cleaning ability. Introduction of DTMS improved the dispersion of SiO₂ in solution and thus lots of bamboo shoot-shaped granular protrusions of SiO₂ nanoparticles at micro/nano-scale formed on the foam surface during treatment process, while the strong interfacial interaction prevented SiO₂ nanoparticles from falling off the foam after long-term immersion, and thus durable hydrophobicity was achieved.

通过十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷（DTMS）作为增容剂，通过在SiO ₂纳米颗粒分散的乙醇溶液中的轻松浸渍过程，在尿素-甲醛（UF）泡沫表面上构建了坚固的超疏水涂层。通过引入DTMS，SiO ₂涂层和UF泡沫之间形成了很强的氢键相互作用。UF-g-SiO ₂ / DTMS泡沫的水接触角（CA）为157.2°，滑动角（SA）为3°，长期浸泡后，观察到CA和SA的变化很小，而吸水率比原始样品低36.89％，显示出持久的超疏水性。UF-g-SiO ₂/ DTMS泡沫具有出色的自清洁能力。DTMS的引入改善了溶液中SiO ₂的分散性，从而在处理过程中在泡沫表面上形成了许多微米/纳米级的SiO ₂纳米颗粒的竹状颗粒状突起，而强烈的界面相互作用阻止了SiO ₂纳米颗粒的产生。长期浸泡后会从泡沫上掉下来，从而获得持久的疏水性。