The BPMN 2.0 standard is a widely used semi-formal notation to model distributed information systems from different perspectives. The standard makes available a set of diagrams to represent such perspectives. Choreography diagrams represent global constraints concerning the interactions among system components without exposing their internal structure. Collaboration diagrams instead permit to depict the internal behaviour of a component, also referred as process, when integrated with others so to represent a possible implementation of the distributed system. This paper proposes a design methodology and a formal framework for checking conformance of choreographies against collaborations. In particular, the paper presents a direct formal operational semantics for both BPMN choreography and collaboration diagrams. Conformance aspects are proposed through two relations defined on top of the defined semantics. The approach benefits from the availability of a tool we have developed, named C4, that permits to experiment the theoretical framework in practical contexts. The objective here is to make the exploited formal methods transparent to system designers, thus fostering a wider adoption by practitioners.

中文翻译：

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BPMN 中的协作与编排一致性

BPMN 2.0 标准是一种广泛使用的半正式符号，用于从不同角度对分布式信息系统进行建模。该标准提供了一组图表来表示这些观点。编排图表示有关系统组件之间交互的全局约束，而不暴露其内部结构。当与其他组件集成以表示分布式系统的可能实现时，协作图反而允许描述组件的内部行为，也称为过程。本文提出了一种设计方法和一个正式框架，用于检查编舞与合作的一致性。特别是，本文提出了 BPMN 编排和协作图的直接形式操作语义。一致性方面是通过定义在已定义语义之上的两个关系提出的。该方法受益于我们开发的名为 C4 的工具的可用性，该工具允许在实际环境中试验理论框架。这里的目标是使所利用的形式方法对系统设计者透明，从而促进从业者更广泛的采用。