The objective of this work was to assess the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid for sanitization of Brazil nuts. To evaluate the natural microbiota of the nuts, the total bacteria and fungi as well as the Aspergillus section Flavi were counted. The moisture, water activity and the presence of aflatoxins was quantified. The response surface method was used to determine the influence of exposure time and sanitizers concentration on the reduction of Aspergillus nomius inoculated on the nuts. Microbiological, sensory and quantification analyzes of aflatoxins were performed under optimum conditions The evaluation of the initial contamination of the nuts, despite presenting high microbiological contamination, humidity and water activity, was not detected aflatoxins in any samples. In artificially inoculated samples, the response surface and the desirability function were obtained to determine the optimal point of use for each sanitizer. The nuts had high microbiological contamination, moisture content and water activity. Aflatoxins were not detected in any samples. The response surface and desirability function indicated the optimal sanitization conditions were 250 mg/L and 8.5 min and 140 mg/L and 15 min for sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid, respectively. Reductions greater than 2 log CFU/g were obtained with sodium hypochlorite and of 1 log CFU/g for peracetic acid. In the tests performed with new Brazil nuts samples under the optimized conditions, reductions of less than 2 log CFU/g were obtained. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in one untreated sample (1.51 μg/kg), one sample treated with sodium hypochlorite (0.60 μg/kg) and two samples treated with peracetic acid (0.64 and 0.72 μg/kg). Demonstrating that the sanitizers in the concentrations used had no action on aflatoxins, despite being efficient for fungal control. The treatments did not cause an unacceptable sensorial impact on the samples.

中文翻译：

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次氯酸钠和过氧乙酸对巴西坚果中的黑曲霉的功效。

这项工作的目的是评估次氯酸钠和过氧乙酸对巴西坚果消毒的功效。为了评估坚果的天然微生物群，计算了细菌总数和真菌总数以及黄曲霉菌部分。定量水分，水分活度和黄曲霉毒素的存在。用响应面法确定暴露时间和消毒剂浓度对坚果上接种的黑曲霉菌减少的影响。在最佳条件下进行了黄曲霉毒素的微生物，感官和定量分析。尽管存在较高的微生物污染，湿度和水分活度，但仍未在任何样品中检测到黄曲霉毒素对坚果的初始污染的评估。在人工接种的样品中，获得响应面和合意性函数，以确定每种消毒剂的最佳使用点。坚果具有很高的微生物污染，水分含量和水分活度。在任何样品中均未检出黄曲霉毒素。响应表面和期望函数表明，次氯酸钠和过氧乙酸的最佳消毒条件分别为250 mg / L和8.5 min，140 mg / L和15 min。次氯酸钠的还原量大于2 log CFU / g，过乙酸的还原量大于1 log CFU / g。在优化条件下使用新的巴西坚果样品进行的测试中，减少量小于2 log CFU / g。在一个未处理的样品（1.51μg/ kg）中检测到黄曲霉毒素B1，在一个样品中用次氯酸钠（0。60μg/ kg）和两个用过乙酸处理的样品（0.64和0.72μg/ kg）。证明所用浓度的消毒剂尽管对真菌控制有效，但对黄曲霉毒素没有作用。这些处理不会对样品产生不可接受的感官影响。