Ultrafast fiber lasers offer a unique opportunity to implement optically a Poincaré mapping in the phase space of a variety of complex dissipative dynamical systems operating far from the equilibrium. Understanding of such complex optical dynamical systems revealing, for instance, ultrafast dynamics of the dissipative solitons (DSs) and more complex regimes is important for advancing specification and performance of the mode‐locked lasers used in a vast number of applications ranging from spectroscopy and medicine to metrology and telecom. Here, using the mode‐locked fiber laser as a test‐bed, the Shilnikov‐type ultrafast dynamics taking the form of randomly switching between noise‐like pulsing and quasi‐continuous‐wave regimes is experimentally demonstrated. The transient coherence recovery is revealed, during which the noise‐like pulse (NLP) is transformed into a coherent DS state and then returned to an incoherent NLP state. The demonstrated alternation of mode synchronization and desynchronization is both of practical importance for developing new types of partially mode‐locked lasers and of the fundamental interest for the nonlinear science in the context of revealing routes to the turbulence in distributed nonlinear systems.

中文翻译：

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超快光纤激光器中模式同步和去同步的交替

超快光纤激光器提供了一个独特的机会，可以在远离平衡状态运行的各种复杂耗散动力学系统的相空间中光学实现庞加莱映射。了解此类复杂的光学动力学系统，例如揭示耗散孤子（DS）的超快动力学和更复杂的状态，对于提高光谱和医学等众多应用中使用的锁模激光器的规格和性能至关重要计量和电信。在这里，使用锁模光纤激光器作为试验台，通过实验证明了Shilnikov型超快动力学，其形式为在类似噪声的脉冲和准连续波状态之间随机切换。揭示了瞬时相干恢复，在此期间，类噪声脉冲（NLP）转换为相干DS状态，然后返回到非相干NLP状态。在开发新型的部分锁模激光器中，模式同步和去同步的交替显示既具有实际重要性，又在揭示分布式非线性系统中湍流路径的背景下，对于非线性科学也具有根本意义。