Since the seminal paper by Marzetta from 2010, the Massive MIMO paradigm in communication systems has changed from being a theoretical scaled-up version of MIMO, with an infinite number of antennas, to a practical technology. Its key concepts have been adopted in the 5G new radio standard and base stations, where 64 fully-digital transceivers have been commercially deployed. Motivated by these recent developments, this paper considers a co-located MIMO radar with $M_T$ transmitting and $M_R$ receiving antennas and explores the potential benefits of having a large number of virtual spatial antenna channels $N=M_TM_R$. Particularly, we focus on the target detection problem and develop a robust Wald-type test that guarantees certain detection performance, regardless of the unknown statistical characterization of the disturbance. Closed-form expressions for the probabilities of false alarm and detection are derived for the asymptotic regime $N\rightarrow \infty$. Numerical results are used to validate the asymptotic analysis in the finite system regime with different disturbance models. Our results imply that there always exists a sufficient number of antennas for which the performance requirements are satisfied, without any a-priori knowledge of the disturbance statistics. This is referred to as the Massive MIMO regime of the radar system.

中文翻译：

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用于目标检测的大规模 MIMO 雷达

自 2010 年 Marzetta 发表开创性论文以来，通信系统中的大规模 MIMO 范式已从理论上的 MIMO 放大版本（具有无限数量的天线）转变为实用技术。其关键概念已被 5G 新无线电标准和基站采用，其中 64 个全数字收发器已商业部署。受这些最新发展的启发，本文考虑了一种协同定位的 MIMO 雷达$M_T$ 传输和 $M_R$ 接收天线并探索拥有大量虚拟空间天线通道的潜在好处 $N=M_TM_R$. 特别是，我们专注于目标检测问题并开发了一个强壮的无论干扰的未知统计特征如何，Wald 型测试都能保证一定的检测性能。为渐近状态导出了虚警和检测概率的闭式表达式$N\右箭头\infty$. 数值结果用于验证具有不同扰动模型的有限系统状态下的渐近分析。我们的结果意味着总是存在满足性能要求的足够数量的天线，而无需任何干扰统计的先验知识。这被称为雷达系统的大规模 MIMO 机制。