This paper is focused on noncooperative target position estimation via the joint use of two-dimensional (2-D) hyperbolic and elliptic passive location techniques based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) and passive coherent locator (PCL) measurements, respectively. A fusion strategy is laid down at the signal processing level to obtain a reliable estimate of the current target position. With reference to the scenario with a single transmitter of opportunity, the mathematical model for joint exploitation of TDOA and PCL strategies is formulated. Then, the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the Cartesian coordinates of the target is established and the theoretical performance gains achievable over the localization technique using only TDOA or PCL observations are assessed. Finally, TDOA-PCL hybrid 2-D localization algorithms are provided and their performance in terms of root-mean-square error is compared with the square root of the CRLB.

中文翻译：

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TDOA 和 PCL 技术的联合开发用于 2D 目标定位

本文的重点是通过联合使用二维 (2-D) 双曲线和椭圆无源定位技术，分别基于到达时间差 (TDOA) 和无源相干定位器 (PCL) 测量来进行非合作目标位置估计。在信号处理级别制定了融合策略，以获得对当前目标位置的可靠估计。参考单个机会发射器的场景，建立了TDOA和PCL策略联合开发的数学模型。然后，建立目标笛卡尔坐标的 Cramer-Rao 下限 (CRLB)，并评估仅使用 TDOA 或 PCL 观测的定位技术可获得的理论性能增益。最后，