Abstract Olive is an evergreen tree belonging to the Oleaceae family and producing edible fruits. Olive production is limited by a huge number of diseases, among them, anthracnose, caused by the ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum spp, which is considered to be the most damaging one in terms of economic loss. Although several methods have been developed to detect the pathogen that causes the disease, its quantification is still limited among infected food products. The interest in developing quantification methods has increased, so risk assessment can be performed in fresh or processed food/beverage samples. This work presents the state-of-the-art of the methods used in pathogen identification, considering several hosts and/or food products, with particular emphasis given to olive anthracnose disease. Additionally, the reasons why pathogen quantification methods are necessary for crop control and food products are also explored. So far, the most reliable detection and quantification methods described are based on DNA amplification, more particularly, real-time PCR. Through a deep knowledge of the C. acutatum infection patterns, improvements may be made to enhance anthracnose disease detection, control and avoidance strategies.

中文翻译：

---

当前对 Olea europaea L. 的理解——在鉴定和量化方法背景下的炭疽病菌相互作用——综述

摘要 橄榄属木犀科常绿乔木，果实可食用。橄榄生产受到大量疾病的限制，其中炭疽病是由子囊菌真菌炭疽病引起的，就经济损失而言，它被认为是最具破坏性的疾病。尽管已经开发了几种方法来检测引起疾病的病原体，但其量化在受感染的食品中仍然有限。人们对开发量化方法的兴趣增加了，因此可以对新鲜或加工食品/饮料样品进行风险评估。这项工作介绍了病原体鉴定中使用的最先进方法，考虑了几种宿主和/或食品，特别强调了橄榄炭疽病。此外，还探讨了病原体定量方法对于作物控制和食品产品必不可少的原因。迄今为止，所描述的最可靠的检测和定量方法是基于 DNA 扩增，尤其是实时 PCR。通过对 C. acutatum 感染模式的深入了解，可以进行改进以增强炭疽病的检测、控制和避免策略。