BACKGROUND Gender inequality within academic medicine and dentistry is a well-recognised issue, but one which is not completely understood in terms of its causes, or interventions to facilitate equality. This systematic review aims to identify, critically appraise, and synthesise the literature on facilitators and barriers to progression through a clinical academic career across medicine and dentistry. It will also explore interventions developed to increase recruitment and retention to clinical academic careers, with a particular focus on gender inequality. METHODS The search will cover five databases (MEDLINE (including MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and MEDLINE Daily), Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), PsycINFO, and Education Resource Information Center (ERIC)), reference lists, and forward citation searching. We will include studies of doctors, dentists, and/or those with a supervisory role over their careers, with or without an academic career. Outcomes will be study defined, but relate to success rates of joining or continuing within a clinical academic career, including but not limited to success in gaining funding support, proportion of time spent in academic work, and numbers of awards/higher education qualifications, as well as experiences of professionals within the clinical academic pathway. Study quality will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised controlled trials, the Newcastle-Ottawa tool for non-randomised studies, and the QARI tool for qualitative studies. Detailed plans for screening, data extraction, and analysis are provided within this protocol. DISCUSSION This systematic review is situated within a larger project evaluating gender inequalities in clinical academic careers. This review will identify and synthetize barriers, facilitators, and interventions addressing gender inequalities in clinical academia. Our findings will increase awareness of inequalities in clinical academic careers through informing clinical academics, regulators and funders of the issues involved, and potential interventions to counteract these. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/mfy7a.

中文翻译：

---

从粘性地板到玻璃天花板以及介于两者之间的一切：系统审查临床学术职业障碍和促进因素的协议以及解决这些问题的干预措施，重点关注性别不平等。


背景 学术医学和牙科领域的性别不平等是一个众所周知的问题，但人们对其原因或促进平等的干预措施尚未完全了解。本系统综述旨在识别、批判性评价和综合有关医学和牙科临床学术生涯发​​展的促进因素和障碍的文献。它还将探索旨在增加临床学术职业招聘和保留的干预措施，特别关注性别不平等。方法 检索将涵盖五个数据库（MEDLINE（包括 MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print、MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations 和 MEDLINE Daily）、Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL)、PsycINFO 和 Education Resource Information Center ( ERIC))、参考文献列表和前向引文检索。我们将纳入对医生、牙医和/或对其职业具有监督作用的人员（无论有或没有学术生涯）的研究。结果将由研究定义，但与加入或继续临床学术职业的成功率有关，包括但不限于成功获得资金支持、花在学术工作上的时间比例以及奖项/高等教育资格的数量，如以及临床学术途径内专业人士的经验。研究质量将使用随机对照试验的 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具、非随机研究的纽卡斯尔-渥太华工具和定性研究的 QARI 工具进行评估。本协议中提供了筛选、数据提取和分析的详细计划。 讨论 本系统综述属于一个更大的项目，旨在评估临床学术职业中的性别不平等。本综述将确定并综合解决临床学术界性别不平等的障碍、促进因素和干预措施。我们的研究结果将通过向临床学者、监管机构和资助者通报所涉及的问题以及抵消这些问题的潜在干预措施，提高人们对临床学术职业不平等的认识。结果将发表在同行评审的期刊上。系统审查注册开放科学框架：https://osf.io/mfy7a。