BACKGROUND The impact of declining physical activity and increased sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents globally prompted the development of national and international physical activity guidelines. This research aims to systematically identify and compare national and international physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents and appraise the quality of the guidelines to promote best practice in guideline development. METHODS This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Only national, or international physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour guidelines were included in the review. Included guidelines targeted children and adolescents aged between 5 and 18 years. A grey literature search was undertaken incorporating electronic databases, custom Google search engines, targeted websites and international expert consultation. Guideline quality was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II Instrument (AGREE II). RESULTS The search resulted in 50 national or international guidelines being identified. Twenty-five countries had a national guideline and there were three international guidelines (European Union, Nordic countries (used by Iceland, Norway and Sweden), World Health Organization (WHO)). Nineteen countries and the European Union adopted the WHO guidelines. Guidelines varied in relation to date of release (2008 to 2019), targeted age group, and guideline wording regarding: type, amount, duration, intensity, frequency and total amount of physical activity. Twenty-two countries included sedentary behaviour within the guidelines and three included sleep. Total scores for all domains of the AGREE II assessment for each guideline indicated considerable variability in guideline quality ranging from 25.8 to 95.3%, with similar variability in the six individual domains. Rigorous guideline development is essential to ensure appropriate guidance for population level initiatives. CONCLUSIONS This review revealed considerable variability between national/international physical activity guideline quality, development and recommendations, highlighting the need for rigorous and transparent guideline development methodologies to ensure appropriate guidance for population-based approaches. Where countries do not have the resources to ensure this level of quality, the adoption or adolopment (framework to review and update guidelines) of the WHO guidelines or guidelines of similar quality is recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION Review registration: PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017072558.

中文翻译：

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比较和评估儿童和青少年的体育锻炼指南：系统的文献回顾和分析。

背景技术全球儿童和青少年的体育活动减少和久坐行为增加的影响促使制定了国家和国际体育活动指南。这项研究旨在系统地确定和比较针对儿童和青少年的国家和国际体育锻炼准则，并评估准则的质量，以促进准则制定的最佳实践。方法本系统评价已在国际系统评价预期登记册（PROSPERO）中注册，并使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了报告。该评价仅包括国家或国际体育活动和/或久坐行为指南。其中包括针对5至18岁儿童和青少年的指南。进行了灰色文献搜索，其中包括电子数据库，定制的Google搜索引擎，目标网站和国际专家咨询。指南质量使用《研究与评估指南II评估工具》（AGREE II）进行评估。结果搜索结果确定了50个国家或国际准则。25个国家/地区制定了国家指南，并制定了三项国际指南（欧盟，北欧国家（由冰岛，挪威和瑞典使用），世界卫生组织（WHO））。19个国家和欧洲联盟通过了WHO指南。准则根据发布日期（2008年至2019年），目标年龄段和准则措辞而有所不同，涉及以下方面：类型，金额，运动的持续时间，强度，频率和总量。22个国家/地区将久坐行为纳入了指南，三个国家/地区将睡眠纳入其中。每个指南的AGREE II评估所有领域的总分表明，指南质量存在很大差异，范围从25.8％到95.3％，在六个单独领域中相似。严格的指南制定对于确保针对人口活动的适当指导至关重要。结论这项审查揭示了国家/国际体育活动准则质量，发展和建议之间的巨大差异，强调需要严格而透明的准则制定方法，以确保以人群为基础的方法的适当指导。如果国家没有资源来确保这一质量水平，建议采用或采用世卫组织准则或类似质量准则的框架（审查和更新准则的框架）。试用注册审查注册：PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017072558。