BACKGROUND Uvaria chamae (Annonaceae), Phyllantus amarus (Phyllantaceae) and Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) are empirically alleged to be used as Beninese medicinal plants in the treatment of salmonellosis. This study aimed to produce scientific data on in vitro and in vivo efficacy of Uvaria chamae, Lantana camara and Phyllantus amarus on multiresistant Salmonella spp isolated in Benin. RESULTS After performing in vitro tests on aqueous and ethanolic extracts of these plants, only the aqueous extract of Uvaria chamae (leaves) showed the best anti-Salmonella's activity and was used for this in vivo experiment. The induction of salmonellosis revealed 9 × 108 CFU/ml was the optimal concentration triggering and maintaining symptoms in chicks. This infective concentration was used for in vivo assessment. Twenty-four hours post inoculation, the symptoms of salmonellosis (wet cloaca, diarrhea stools and somnolence) were observed in infected groups. After 7 days of treatment, the reduction of bacterial load at 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L of the extract was respectively 85%, 52.38% and 98% for Uvaria chamae, Phyllantus amarus and Lantana camara in the chick's groups infected with Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028. On the other hand, colistin completely cancelled the bacterial load (reduction rate of 100%). With the groups infected with Salmonella spp (virulent strain), the reduction rate of bacterial load at 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L of extract was 0%, 98.66%, and 99.33%. The extracts at 200 and 400 mg/L were more active than colistin, which reduced the bacterial load by 33.33%. The toxicity tests did not show any negative effect of Colistin and the Uvaria chamae's extract on the biochemical and hematological parameters of the chicks. CONCLUSION The aqueous extract of Uvaria chamae is active in vitro and in vivo on multiresistant strains of Salmonella enterica. This plant is a good candidate for the development of an improved traditional medicine for the management of salmonellosis.

中文翻译：

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西非贝宁使用的 Uvaria chamae、Lantana camara 和 Phyllantus amarus 的体内抗沙门氏菌活性评估。

背景技术 根据经验，紫玉兰（番荔枝科）、叶下珠（Phyllantaceae）和马缨丹（马鞭草科）被用作贝宁药用植物来治疗沙门氏菌病。本研究旨在提供紫藤、马缨丹和叶珠对贝宁分离的多重耐药沙门氏菌的体外和体内功效的科学数据。结果 对这些植物的水提取物和乙醇提取物进行体外测试后，只有 Uvaria chamae（叶）的水提取物显示出最佳的抗沙门氏菌活性，并用于本体内实验。沙门氏菌病的诱导表明，9 × 108 CFU/ml 是触发和维持雏鸡症状的最佳浓度。该感染浓度用于体内评估。接种后24小时，在感染组中观察到沙门氏菌病症状（泄殖腔湿、腹泻大便和嗜睡）。处理7 d后，在100 mg/L、200 mg/L、400 mg/L提取物下，紫藤、叶下珠和马缨丹的细菌负荷量分别减少了85%、52.38%和98%。鸡群感染了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 ATCC 14028。另一方面，粘菌素完全消除了细菌负荷（减少率 100%）。沙门氏菌（强毒株）感染组中，100 mg/L、200 mg/L、400 mg/L提取物的细菌负荷减少率分别为0%、98.66%和99.33%。200和400 mg/L的提取物比粘菌素活性更高，可减少细菌负荷33.33%。毒性测试未显示粘菌素和紫玉菌提取物对雏鸡的生化和血液学参数有任何负面影响。结论 紫藤水提取物在体外和体内对多重耐药肠道沙门氏菌菌株具有活性。该植物是开发用于治疗沙门氏菌病的改良传统药物的良好候选者。