Membrane-coupled RNA transport is an emerging theme in fungal biology. This review focuses on the RNA cargo and mechanistic details of transport via two inter-related sets of organelles: endosomes and extracellular vesicles for intra- and intercellular RNA transfer. Simultaneous transport and translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) on the surface of shuttling endosomes is a conserved process pertinent to highly polarised eukaryotic cells, such as hyphae or neurons. Here we detail the endosomal mRNA transport machinery components and mRNA targets of the core RNA-binding protein Rrm4. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly garnering interest as mediators of intercellular communication, especially between pathogenic fungi and their hosts. Landmark studies in plant–fungus interactions indicate EVs as a means of delivering various cargos, most notably small RNAs (sRNAs), for cross-kingdom RNA interference. Recent advances and implications of the nascent field of fungal EVs are discussed and potential links between endosomal and EV-mediated RNA transport are proposed.

膜耦合RNA的运输是真菌生物学中一个新兴的主题。这项审查侧重于RNA货物和通过两个相互关联的细胞器运输的机械细节：内体和细胞外囊泡用于细胞内和细胞间RNA转移。信使RNA（mRNA）在穿梭内体体表面上的同时运输和翻译是与高度极化的真核细胞（如菌丝或神经元）相关的保守过程。在这里，我们详细介绍了内体mRNA转运机制组件和核心RNA结合蛋白Rrm4的mRNA靶标。细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为细胞间通讯的介质，特别是在致病真菌与其宿主之间的通讯中，最近引起了人们的兴趣。植物与真菌相互作用的地标性研究表明，电动汽车是运送各种货物的一种手段，最显着的是小RNA（sRNA），用于跨王国的RNA干扰。讨论了真菌电动车新兴领域的最新进展和意义，并提出了内体和电动车介导的RNA转运之间的潜在联系。