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Placental growth factor regulates the pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant defense systems in human retinal endothelial cells.
Journal of Proteomics ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103682
Madhu Sudhana Saddala 1 , Anton Lennikov 1 , Hu Huang 1
Affiliation  

The molecular mechanisms whereby placental growth factor (PlGF) mediates its effects in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) are unknown. To better understand the role of PlGF in DR, we used tandem mass tags (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomics to human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), treated anti-PlGF antibody, and PBS as a control. Functional annotation and pathway enrichments were performed, which suggested that the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were involved in key metabolic processes, protein binding, and membrane, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and adherens junction. We conducted integrated gene profiles of our previously published transcriptomic data to the TMT-labeled proteomics data. The results showed the sixty genes were found to be changed at the proteome level. The functional annotation conducted for the sixty proteins suggested that 58.3% of proteins were involved in PPP, 25% of proteins were in interleukin-12 singling and 16.7% of proteins were involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway. Mass spectrometry results were validated by transendothelial electrical resistance measurement by an electrical cell-impedance sensing (ECIS) and western blot analysis of VE-cadherin, G6PD. These findings suggest that the PPP proteins and antioxidants may act as a downstream target of PlGF and may play a decisive role in HREC biological functions in DR. SIGNIFICANCE: PlGF (Placental growth factor) is known to play a pivotal role in pathological angiogenesis and inflammation by stimulating endothelial cell migration and by recruiting pericytes and inflammatory cells such as microglia and macrophages. Despite the well-defined pathophysiological roles of PlGF, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are not completely understood, especially the exact relationships between biochemical events and molecular pathways regulated by PlGF, whose inhibition exhibits a protective role in DR. This study provides new insights into protein expression patterns and enables the identification of many attractive candidates for investigation of PPP pathway role in the activation of the antioxidant defense system in DR. Our findings suggest that the PPP proteins and antioxidants (PRDX6, HMOX1, NQO1 and YES1) may act as downstream targets of PlGF and may play a decisive role in HREC biological functions in DR.

中文翻译:

胎盘生长因子调节人视网膜内皮细胞中的戊糖磷酸途径和抗氧化防御系统。

胎盘生长因子(PlGF)介导其在非增生性糖尿病性视网膜病(DR)中的分子机制尚不清楚。为了更好地了解PlGF在DR中的作用,我们使用了串联质谱标签(TMT)标记的人类视网膜内皮细胞(HRECs)定量蛋白质组学,经过处理的抗PlGF抗体和PBS作为对照。进行功能注释和途径富集,这表明差异表达的蛋白质(DEPs)参与了关键的代谢过程,蛋白质结合以及膜,磷酸戊糖途径(PPP)和粘附连接。我们对先前发表的转录组数据与TMT标记的蛋白质组学数据进行了整合的基因图谱。结果表明发现了60个基因在蛋白质组水平上发生了变化。对这60种蛋白质进行的功能注释表明,有58.3%的蛋白质参与PPP,25%的蛋白质参与白介素12单一,16.7%的蛋白质参与糖酵解和糖异生途径。质谱分析结果通过跨细胞的电阻测量,通过电细胞阻抗传感(ECIS)和VE-钙黏着蛋白G6PD的蛋白质印迹分析得到了验证。这些发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂可以作为PlGF的下游靶标,并且可以在DR中的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。意义:PlGF(胎盘生长因子)通过刺激内皮细胞迁移以及募集周细胞和炎性细胞(如小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞)在病理性血管生成和炎症中起关键作用。尽管PlGF具有明确的病理生理作用,但尚未完全理解其潜在的分子和细胞机制,尤其是生化事件与由PlGF调节的分子途径之间的确切关系,其抑制作用在DR中表现出保护作用。这项研究提供了对蛋白质表达模式的新见解,并使人们能够鉴定许多有吸引力的候选物,以研究PPP途径在DR抗氧化防御系统激活中的作用。我们的发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂(PRDX6,HMOX1,NQO1和YES1)可能充当PlGF的下游靶标,并且可能在DR的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。尤其是生化事件与PlGF调控的分子途径之间的确切关系,PlGF的抑制作用在DR中表现出保护作用。这项研究提供了对蛋白质表达模式的新见解,并使人们能够鉴定许多有吸引力的候选物,以研究PPP途径在DR抗氧化防御系统激活中的作用。我们的发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂(PRDX6,HMOX1,NQO1和YES1)可能充当PlGF的下游靶标,并且可能在DR的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。特别是生化事件与PlGF调控的分子途径之间的确切关系,PlGF的抑制作用在DR中表现出保护作用。这项研究提供了对蛋白质表达模式的新见解,并使人们能够鉴定许多有吸引力的候选物,以研究PPP途径在DR抗氧化防御系统激活中的作用。我们的发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂(PRDX6,HMOX1,NQO1和YES1)可能充当PlGF的下游靶标,并且可能在DR的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。这项研究提供了对蛋白质表达模式的新见解,并使人们能够鉴定许多有吸引力的候选物,以研究PPP途径在DR抗氧化防御系统激活中的作用。我们的发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂(PRDX6,HMOX1,NQO1和YES1)可能充当PlGF的下游靶标,并且可能在DR的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。这项研究提供了对蛋白质表达模式的新见解,并使人们能够鉴定许多有吸引力的候选物,以研究PPP途径在DR抗氧化防御系统激活中的作用。我们的发现表明,PPP蛋白和抗氧化剂(PRDX6,HMOX1,NQO1和YES1)可能充当PlGF的下游靶标,并且可能在DR的HREC生物学功能中起决定性作用。
更新日期:2020-02-10
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