Emerging investigator series: capacitive deionization for selective removal of nitrate and perchlorate: impacts of ion selectivity and operating constraints on treatment costs,Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology

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Emerging investigator series: capacitive deionization for selective removal of nitrate and perchlorate: impacts of ion selectivity and operating constraints on treatment costs
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-17 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ew01105f
Steven Hand _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Roland D. Cusick _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Treating toxic monovalent anions such as NO₃⁻ or ClO₄⁻ in drinking water remains challenging due to the high capital and environmental costs associated with common technologies such as reverse osmosis or ion exchange. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising technology for selective ion removal due to high reported ion selectivity for these two contaminants. However, the impacts of ion selectivity and influent water characteristics on CDI life cycle cost have not been considered. In this study we investigate the impact of ion selectivity on CDI system cost with a parameterized process model and technoeconomic analysis framework. Simulations indicate millimolar concentration contaminants such as nitrate can be removed at costs in the range of $0.01–0.30 per m³ at reported selectivity coefficient ranges (S = 6–10). Since perchlorate removal involves micromolar scale concentration changes, higher selectivity values than reported in literature (S > 10 vs. S = 4–6.5) are required for comparable treatment costs. To contextualize simulated results for CDI treatment of NO₃⁻, CDI unit operations were sized and costed for three case studies based on existing treatment facilities in Israel, Spain, and the United States, showing that achieving a nitrate selectivity of 10 could reduce life cycle treatment costs below $0.2 per m³.

中文翻译：

新兴研究者系列：电容去离子，用于选择性去除硝酸盐和高氯酸盐：离子选择性和操作限制对处理成本的影响

治疗毒性的一价阴离子，如NO ₃^-或C10 ₄^-由于与普通技术（例如反渗透或离子交换）相关的高昂资金和环境成本，饮用水中的二氧化碳仍然具有挑战性。电容去离子（CDI）是一种有前途的选择性离子去除技术，这是由于据报道对这两种污染物的离子选择性很高。但是，尚未考虑离子选择性和进水特性对CDI生命周期成本的影响。在这项研究中，我们使用参数化过程模型和技术经济分析框架研究了离子选择性对CDI系统成本的影响。模拟表明，在报道的选择系数范围内，去除浓度为毫摩尔的污染物（如硝酸盐）的成本为每m ³ $ 0.01–0.30 （S= 6-10）。由于高氯酸盐的去除涉及微摩尔级浓度的变化，因此，与可比的处理成本相比，需要比文献报道更高的选择性值（S > 10 vs. S = 4–6.5）。的背景情况进行CDI处理NO的模拟结果₃^-，CDI单元操作施胶和租期基于在以色列，西班牙和美国的现有处理设施，显示出实现的10硝酸盐选择性可以减少生命周期的三个案例研究每m ³ $ 0.2以下的治疗费用。

更新日期：2020-01-17

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