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Microbial community structure reveals instability of nutritional symbiosis during the evolutionary radiation of Amblyomma ticks.
Molecular Ecology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 , DOI: 10.1111/mec.15373
Florian Binetruy 1 , Marie Buysse 1 , Quentin Lejarre 1, 2 , Roxanne Barosi 1 , Manon Villa 1 , Nil Rahola 1, 2 , Christophe Paupy 1 , Diego Ayala 1, 2 , Olivier Duron 1
Affiliation  

Mutualistic interactions with microbes have facilitated the adaptation of major eukaryotic lineages to restricted diet niches. Hence, ticks with their strictly blood-feeding lifestyle are associated with intracellular bacterial symbionts through an essential B vitamin supplementation. In this study, examination of bacterial diversity in 25 tick species of the genus Amblyomma showed that three intracellular bacteria, Coxiella-like endosymbionts (LE), Francisella-LE and Rickettsia, are remarkably common. No other bacterium is as uniformly present in Amblyomma ticks. Almost all Amblyomma species were found to harbour a nutritive obligate symbiont, Coxiella-LE or Francisella-LE, that is able to synthesize B vitamins. However, despite the co-evolved and obligate nature of these mutualistic interactions, the structure of microbiomes does not mirror the Amblyomma phylogeny, with a clear exclusion pattern between Coxiella-LE and Francisella-LE across tick species. Coxiella-LE, but not Francisella-LE, form evolutionarily stable associations with ticks, commonly leading to co-cladogenesis. We further found evidence for symbiont replacements during the radiation of Amblyomma, with recent, and probably ongoing, invasions by Francisella-LE and subsequent replacements of ancestral Coxiella-LE through transient co-infections. Nutritional symbiosis in Amblyomma ticks is thus not a stable evolutionary state, but instead arises from conflicting origins between unrelated but competing symbionts with similar metabolic capabilities.

中文翻译:

微生物群落结构揭示了A菌tick的进化辐射过程中营养共生的不稳定性。

与微生物的相互影响促进了主要的真核生物系对节食饮食的适应。因此,通过严格补充血液的lifestyle虫通过必需的B族维生素补充与细胞内细菌共生体相关联。在这项研究中,对25种mb虫物种的细菌多样性进行了检查,结果表明,三种细胞内细菌,如Coxiella样内共生菌(LE),Francisella-LE和立克次体很常见。没有其他细菌能均匀地存在于A虫tick中。几乎所有的盲目物种都被发现含有一种营养丰富的专性共生体,即Coxiella-LE或Francisella-LE,能够合成B类维生素。但是,尽管这些相互影响的互动具有共同发展和义务性,微生物群的结构没有反映出盲膜虫的系统发育,跨壁虱物种在Coxiella-LE和Francisella-LE之间具有明显的排斥模式。Coxiella-LE,而不是Francisella-LE,与壁虱形成进化稳定的联系,通常导致共cladogenesis。我们还发现了证据,证明了在辐射性盲膜的过程中共生体置换,最近以及可能正在进行的Francisella-LE侵袭和随后通过暂时性共感染置换祖先Coxiella-LE的证据。因此,营养膜tick中的营养共生不是稳定的进化状态,而是源于具有相似代谢能力的不相关但竞争的共生体之间相互矛盾的起源。但Francisella-LE却不与not形成进化稳定的联系,通常导致共cladogenesis。我们进一步发现了证据,证明了在辐射性盲膜的过程中共生体置换,最近以及可能正在进行的Francisella-LE入侵以及随后通过暂时性共感染置换祖先Coxiella-LE的证据。因此,营养膜tick中的营养共生不是稳定的进化状态,而是源于具有相似的代谢能力的不相关但相互竞争的共生体之间相互矛盾的起源。但Francisella-LE却不与not形成进化稳定的联系,通常导致共cladogenesis。我们进一步发现了证据,证明了在辐射性盲膜的过程中共生体置换,最近以及可能正在进行的Francisella-LE入侵以及随后通过暂时性共感染置换祖先Coxiella-LE的证据。因此,Amblyomma ticks中的营养共生不是稳定的进化状态,而是源于具有相似的代谢能力的无关但竞争的共生体之间相互矛盾的起源。弗朗西斯菌-LE的侵袭,以及通过短暂的共同感染随后代代祖先的科希氏菌-LE。因此,Amblyomma ticks中的营养共生不是稳定的进化状态,而是源于具有相似的代谢能力的无关但竞争的共生体之间相互矛盾的起源。弗朗西斯菌-LE的侵袭,以及通过短暂的共同感染随后代代祖先的科希氏菌-LE。因此,营养膜tick中的营养共生不是稳定的进化状态,而是源于具有相似的代谢能力的不相关但相互竞争的共生体之间相互矛盾的起源。
更新日期:2020-02-24
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