IgE mediated food allergy remains a significant and growing problem across the globe. Of the various treatment modalities, oral immunotherapy (OIT) and epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) have been the best studied. Across various studies of OIT for egg, milk and peanut allergy, strong levels of desensitization have been shown. With egg and peanut OIT, a limited remission, or sustained unresponsiveness (SU), has further been demonstrated. These advances have been further validated by successful phase 2 and phase 3 studies of peanut OIT. EPIT, using daily administrations of a proprietary patch, demonstrated efficacy as well as safety and tolerability in parallel phase 2 studies, however its phase 3 study did not meet its primary efficacy outcome. Despite its good track record of desensitization, the safety and tolerability of OIT has remained a question. EPIT, on the other hand, has proven safe and tolerable, however the adequacy of its desensitization has remained to be determined. As OIT and EPIT continue their march towards regulatory review, optimizations for immunotherapy and novel therapies continue to be developed providing hope for food allergy patients everywhere.

中文翻译：

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食物过敏免疫疗法：OIT 和 EPIT

IgE 介导的食物过敏在全球范围内仍然是一个重要且日益严重的问题。在各种治疗方式中，口服免疫疗法 (OIT) 和经皮免疫疗法 (EPIT) 得到了最好的研究。在针对鸡蛋、牛奶和花生过敏的 OIT 的各种研究中，已经显示出强烈的脱敏作用。对于鸡蛋和花生 OIT，进一步证明了有限缓解或持续无反应 (SU)。这些进展已通过成功的花生 OIT 2 期和 3 期研究得到进一步验证。EPIT 使用专有贴剂的每日给药，在平行的 2 期研究中证明了有效性以及安全性和耐受性，但其 3 期研究并未达到其主要疗效结果。尽管它有良好的脱敏记录，OIT 的安全性和耐受性仍然是一个问题。另一方面，EPIT 已被证明是安全且可耐受的，但其脱敏的充分性仍有待确定。随着 OIT 和 EPIT 继续向监管审查迈进，免疫疗法和新疗法的优化不断开发，为世界各地的食物过敏患者带来希望。