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Antimalarial drug artesunate is effective against chemoresistant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma via targeting mitochondrial metabolism.
Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09824-w
Ling Ma 1 , Honghua Fei 2
Affiliation  

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most aggressive type of thyroid malignancies and resistant to chemotherapy. Novel therapeutic strategy is required for better management of ATC. In this work, we show that artesunate, an antimalarial drug, is active against chemoresistant ATC cells. Artesunate dose-dependently inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in chemo-sensitive (8505C and KAT-4) and -resistant (8505C-r and KAT-4-r) ATC cells, and acts synergistically with doxorubicin. Using multiple xenograft mouse models, artesunate is active against chemo-sensitive and -resistant ATC cells in vivo at doses that do not cause toxicity in mice. Our mechanism analysis reveals that artesunate acts on ATC cells through suppressing mitochondrial functions without affecting glycolysis, leading to oxidative stress and damage, regardless of whether they are sensitive or resistant to chemotherapy. Interestingly, KAT-4-r cells demonstrate decreased glycolysis, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial respiration compared to KAT-4 cells whereas such phenomenon is not observed between 8505C and 8505C-r cells. This suggests that some but not all ATC cells gain enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis after prolonged exposure to chemotherapy drug, which may explain the different sensitivities of 8505C-r and KAT-4-r to artesunate. Our work demonstrates that artesunate is a potential addition to the treatment armamentarium for ATC, particularly those with chemoresistance. Our findings also highlight the therapeutic value of targeting mitochondria in chemoresistant ATC.

中文翻译:

抗疟药青蒿琥酯通过靶向线粒体代谢,可有效抵抗化学性变性甲状腺癌。

间变性甲状腺癌(ATC)是最恶性的甲状腺恶性肿瘤,对化学疗法有抵抗力。需要新的治疗策略以更好地管理ATC。在这项工作中,我们表明青蒿琥酯是一种抗疟疾药物,对化学抗性ATC细胞具有活性。青蒿琥酯在化学敏感性(8505C和KAT-4)和耐药(8505C-r和KAT-4-r)ATC细胞中剂量依赖性地抑制生长并诱导凋亡,并与阿霉素协同作用。使用多种异种移植小鼠模型,青蒿琥酯在体内对化学敏感性和耐药性ATC细胞具有活性,且剂量不会对小鼠产生毒性。我们的机理分析表明,青蒿琥酯通过抑制线粒体功能而不影响糖酵解作用而作用于ATC细胞,从而导致氧化应激和损伤,不管他们对化疗敏感还是耐药。有趣的是,与KAT-4细胞相比,KAT-4-r细胞表现出降低的糖酵解,增加的线粒体膜电位和线粒体呼吸作用,而在8505C和8505C-r细胞之间未观察到这种现象。这表明长时间暴露于化疗药物后,部分而非全部ATC细胞的线粒体生物发生增强,这可能解释了8505C-r和KAT-4-r对青蒿琥酯的敏感性不同。我们的工作表明,青蒿琥酯是ATC治疗武器库(特别是具有化学抗性的武器库)的潜在补充。我们的发现还突出了靶向线粒体在耐化学性ATC中的治疗价值。与KAT-4细胞相比,KAT-4-r细胞表现出降低的糖酵解作用,增加的线粒体膜电位和线粒体呼吸作用,而在8505C和8505C-r细胞之间未观察到这种现象。这表明长时间暴露于化疗药物后,部分而非全部ATC细胞的线粒体生物发生增强,这可能解释了8505C-r和KAT-4-r对青蒿琥酯的敏感性不同。我们的工作表明,青蒿琥酯是ATC治疗武器库(特别是具有化学抗性的武器库)的潜在补充。我们的发现还突出了靶向线粒体在耐化学性ATC中的治疗价值。与KAT-4细胞相比,KAT-4-r细胞表现出降低的糖酵解作用,增加的线粒体膜电位和线粒体呼吸作用,而在8505C和8505C-r细胞之间未观察到这种现象。这表明长时间暴露于化疗药物后,部分而非全部ATC细胞的线粒体生物发生增强,这可能解释了8505C-r和KAT-4-r对青蒿琥酯的敏感性不同。我们的工作表明,青蒿琥酯是ATC治疗武器库(特别是具有化学抗性的武器库)的潜在补充。我们的发现还突出了靶向线粒体在耐化学性ATC中的治疗价值。这表明长时间暴露于化疗药物后,部分而非全部ATC细胞的线粒体生物发生增强,这可能解释了8505C-r和KAT-4-r对青蒿琥酯的敏感性不同。我们的工作表明,青蒿琥酯是ATC治疗武器库(特别是具有化学抗性的武器库)的潜在补充。我们的发现还突出了靶向线粒体在耐化学性ATC中的治疗价值。这表明长时间暴露于化疗药物后,部分而非全部ATC细胞的线粒体生物发生增强,这可能解释了8505C-r和KAT-4-r对青蒿琥酯的敏感性不同。我们的工作表明,青蒿琥酯是ATC治疗武器库(特别是具有化学抗性的武器库)的潜在补充。我们的发现还突出了靶向线粒体在耐化学性ATC中的治疗价值。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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