In this paper, we consider Real-Time Optimization (RTO) and control of an oil production system. We follow a systematic plantwide control procedure. The process consists of two gas-lift oil wells connected to a pipeline-riser system, and a separator at the topside platform. When the gas injection rates are low, the desired steady flow regime may become unstable and change to slug flow due to the casing-heading phenomenon. Therefore, a regulatory control layer is required to stabilize the desired two-phase flow regime. To this end, we propose a new control structure using two pressure measurements, one at the well-head and one at the annulus. For the optimization layer, we compare the performance of nonlinear Economic Model Predictive Control (EMPC), dynamic Feedback-RTO (FRTO) and Self-Optimizing Control (SOC). Based on dynamic simulations using the realistic OLGA simulator, we find that SOC is the most practical approach.

在本文中，我们考虑了实时优化（RTO）和石油生产系统的控制。我们遵循系统的全厂控制程序。该过程包括两个与管道提升系统相连的气举油井，以及在顶部平台上的一个分离器。当气体注入速率低时，由于套管抬头现象，所需的稳定流态可能变得不稳定并变为团状流。因此，需要调节控制层来稳定所需的两相流态。为此，我们提出了一种使用两种压力测量值的新控制结构，其中一种压力值在井口，另一种压力值在环空。对于优化层，我们比较了非线性经济模型预测控制（EMPC），动态反馈RTO（FRTO）和自优化控制（SOC）的性能。