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In vivo efficacy of the Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL®) kit against organophosphate and carbamate pesticides.
Chemico-Biological Interactions ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108980
Messele Fentabil 1 , Mulu Gebremedhin 1 , John Barry 1 , John Mikler 2 , Laura Cochrane 3
Affiliation  

In this study, we assessed the efficacy of the Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL®) Kit against parathion and aldicarb pesticide dermal exposure in a guinea pig model. The pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) leading to signs and symptoms of hyperactivity of organs due to accumulation of acetylcholine. The RSDL Kit has been shown to physically remove and chemically degrade chemical warfare agents. Degradation occurs from a nucleophilic substitution reaction between an active ingredient in the RSDL lotion, potassium 2,3-butanedione monoximate (KBDO), with susceptible sites in these compounds. In the present study, guinea pigs dermally exposed to parathion and aldicarb were decontaminated with RSDL to mitigate the toxic effects of the pesticides. It is observed that animals exposed to 749 mg/kg of parathion (n = 3) died within 24 h without RSDL decontamination; however, RSDL-treated animals (n = 3) showed only mild signs of neurotoxicity. The RSDL-treated animals had an AChE inhibition of 0-58% while the untreated animals had up to 86% inhibition. Similarly, RSDL has been demostrated to prevent aldicarb neurotoxicity effects. The percent inhibition of AChE activity during the 24 h post challenge of 9 mg aldicarb/kg of animal weight ranged from 25% to 61% with severe signs of intoxication while only up to 5% with mild or no signs of intoxication in the case of RSDL-decontaminated animals. Generally, it has been shown that the toxic effects of the organophosphate and carbamate pesticides can be prevented via decontamination using the RSDL Kit.

中文翻译:

活性皮肤去污乳液(RSDL®)试剂盒对有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯农药的体内功效。

在这项研究中,我们评估了反应性皮肤去污乳液(RSDL®)试剂盒对豚鼠模型中对硫磷和涕灭威农药皮肤接触的功效。农药会抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE),由于乙酰胆碱的积累而导致器官功能亢进的体征和症状。已显示RSDL套件可物理去除化学战剂并对其进行化学降解。降解是由于RSDL乳液中的活性成分2,3-丁二酮单金属酸钾(KBDO)之间发生亲核取代反应引起的,这些化合物中含有易感位点。在本研究中,对真皮暴露于对硫磷和涕灭威的豚鼠用RSDL消毒,以减轻农药的毒性作用。观察到暴露于749 mg / kg对硫磷(n = 3)的动物在24小时内死亡,没有受到RSDL的污染。但是,经RSDL处理的动物(n = 3)仅表现出轻度的神经毒性迹象。经RSDL处理的动物的AChE抑制率为0-58%,而未经处理的动物的抑制率高达86%。同样,RSDL已被证明可以预防涕灭威的神经毒性作用。9 mg涕灭威/千克动物体重在攻击后24小时内对AChE活性的抑制百分比范围为25%至61%,有严重的中毒迹象,而只有5%的情况下有轻度或无中毒迹象。 RSDL污染的动物。通常,已表明使用RSDL Kit进行去污可防止有机磷酸盐和氨基甲酸酯农药的毒性作用。经RSDL处理的动物(n = 3)仅表现出轻度的神经毒性迹象。经RSDL处理的动物的AChE抑制率为0-58%,而未经处理的动物的抑制率高达86%。同样,RSDL已被证明可以预防涕灭威的神经毒性作用。9 mg涕灭威/千克动物体重在攻击后24小时内对AChE活性的抑制百分比范围为25%至61%,有严重的中毒迹象,而只有5%的情况下有轻度或无中毒迹象。 RSDL污染的动物。通常,已表明使用RSDL Kit进行去污可防止有机磷酸盐和氨基甲酸酯农药的毒性作用。经RSDL处理的动物(n = 3)仅表现出轻度的神经毒性迹象。经RSDL处理的动物的AChE抑制率为0-58%,而未经处理的动物的抑制率高达86%。同样,RSDL已被证明可以预防涕灭威的神经毒性作用。9 mg涕灭威/千克动物体重在攻击后24小时内对AChE活性的抑制百分比范围为25%至61%,有严重的中毒迹象,而只有5%的情况下有轻度或无中毒迹象。 RSDL污染的动物。通常,已经表明,使用RSDL试剂盒进行去污可以防止有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯农药的毒性作用。同样,RSDL已被证明可以预防涕灭威的神经毒性作用。9 mg涕灭威/千克动物体重在攻击后24小时内对AChE活性的抑制百分比范围为25%至61%,有严重的中毒迹象,而只有5%的情况下有轻度或无中毒迹象。 RSDL污染的动物。通常,已经表明,使用RSDL试剂盒进行去污可以防止有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯农药的毒性作用。同样,RSDL已被证明可以预防涕灭威的神经毒性作用。9 mg涕灭威/千克动物体重在攻击后24小时内对AChE活性的抑制百分比范围为25%至61%,有严重的中毒迹象,而只有5%的情况下有轻度或无中毒迹象。 RSDL污染的动物。通常,已经表明,使用RSDL试剂盒进行去污可以防止有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯农药的毒性作用。
更新日期:2020-02-07
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