As cells enter mitosis, the genome is restructured to facilitate chromosome segregation, accompanied by dramatic changes in gene expression. However, the mechanisms that underlie mitotic transcriptional regulation are unclear. In contrast to transcribed genes, centromere regions retain transcriptionally active RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in mitosis. Here, we demonstrate that chromatin-bound cohesin is necessary to retain elongating Pol II at centromeres. We find that WAPL-mediated removal of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase is required for the dissociation of Pol II and nascent transcripts, and failure of this process dramatically alters mitotic gene expression. Removal of cohesin/Pol II from chromosome arms in prophase is important for accurate chromosome segregation and normal activation of gene expression in G1. We propose that prophase cohesin removal is a key step in reprogramming gene expression as cells transition from G2 through mitosis to G1.

中文翻译：

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有丝分裂进入时，粘连蛋白去除重新编程基因表达。

随着细胞进入有丝分裂，基因组被重组以促进染色体分离，并伴随着基因表达的急剧变化。但是，有丝分裂转录调控基础的机制尚不清楚。与转录的基因相反，着丝粒区域在有丝分裂中保留了转录活性RNA聚合酶II（Pol II）。在这里，我们证明了染色质结合的粘着蛋白是必要的，以保持着丝粒上延长的Pol II。我们发现，Pol II和新生转录本的解离需要前期WAPL介导的从染色体臂上去除粘着素，这是Pol II和新生转录本的解离所必需的，并且此过程的失败极大地改变了有丝分裂基因的表达。在前期从染色体臂上去除粘着蛋白/ Pol II对于精确的染色体分离和正常激活G1中的基因表达很重要。