The development of novel therapeutic agents has led to an increase in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who achieve a complete response (CR). Consequently, a good correlation has been established between the CR rate and progression-free survival, and new methods are needed to stratify CR cases based on the measurable residual disease (MRD) and thus predict prognosis. Previously, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), which is rapid and widely available, has been used to assess MRD in patients with MM. Although the EuroFlow next-generation flow method was developed as a highly sensitive and standardized method of MRD detection, the procedure is costly within the current Japanese public medical insurance system. Recently, two Japanese clinical laboratory test companies, SRL and BML, respectively developed new and inexpensive 8- and 10-color single-tube MFC methods intended for the assessment of MRD under the current Japanese public medical insurance system. In this article, I have reviewed the most recent updates on MRD monitoring protocols in Japan and the clinical trials of the use of this parameter in patients with MM.

中文翻译：

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可测量的残留疾病测试对多发性骨髓瘤的临床价值及其在日本的实施。

新型治疗剂的开发导致多发性骨髓瘤（MM）达到完全缓解（CR）的患者增多。因此，在CR发生率和无进展生存期之间已经建立了良好的相关性，并且需要新的方法根据可测量的残留疾病（MRD）对CR病例进行分层，从而预测预后。以前，快速且广泛使用的多参数流式细胞术（MFC）已用于评估MM患者的MRD。尽管EuroFlow下一代流动方法是作为一种高度灵敏且标准化的MRD检测方法开发的，但在当前的日本公共医疗保险系统中，该过程成本很高。最近，两家日本临床实验室测试公司SRL和BML 分别开发了价格便宜的8色和10色单管MFC新方法，旨在根据当前的日本公共医疗保险制度对MRD进行评估。在本文中，我回顾了日本MRD监测协议的最新更新以及在MM患者中使用此参数的临床试验。