Variability in object appearance is common in everyday experience and this variability can generally be attributed to the relationships between viewing conditions and the composition of an object's spectral reflectances. This paper proposes that objects, illuminants, and observers can be evaluated using a Wpt (Waypoint) shift manifold (WSM), which is defined as a set of Wpt points associated with one or more objects, observers, and/or illuminants. Since spectral reflectances of an object can be decomposed to three components (a wavelength invariant nonselective component, a characteristic reflectance, and a metameric black reflectance), WSMs of any object for an observing condition is composed of three Wpt vectors associated with a perfect reflecting diffuser, the characteristic reflectance, and the metameric black reflectance of the object. Material shift potential (MSP) can be defined as shapes and orientations of object WSMs for evaluation and comparison of object colors. Experimental results show that MSP are dramatically influenced by Wpt vectors associated with the characteristic reflectance and the metameric black reflectance for an object rather than the Wpt vectors associated with nonselective reflectance. Thus, MSP can be preserved for objects having similar characteristic reflectances and metameric black reflectances. In other words, spectral reflectances that have been manipulated to have similar overall shapes exhibit similar color inconstancy.

中文翻译：

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航路点移动歧管，用于对象颜色评估和比较

物体外观的可变性在日常经验中很常见，并且这种可变性通常可以归因于观察条件与物体光谱反射率的组成之间的关系。本文提出可以使用Wpt（Waypoint）移位流形（WSM）来评估对象，光源和观察者，WSM被定义为与一个或多个对象，观察者和/或光源相关联的Wpt点的集合。由于物体的光谱反射率可分解为三个分量（波长不变非选择性分量，特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率），因此任何物体在观察条件下的WSM均由与完美反射扩散器相关的三个Wpt向量组成，对象的特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率。可以将材料移动电位（MSP）定义为对象WSM的形状和方向，以评估和比较对象颜色。实验结果表明，与对象的特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率相关的Wpt向量，而不是与非选择性反射率相关的Wpt向量，对MSP产生了显着影响。因此，可以为具有相似特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率的物体保留MSP。换句话说，已经被操纵为具有相似整体形状的光谱反射率表现出相似的颜色不稳定性。实验结果表明，与对象的特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率相关的Wpt向量，而不是与非选择性反射率相关的Wpt向量，对MSP产生了显着影响。因此，可以为具有相似特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率的物体保留MSP。换句话说，已经被操纵为具有相似整体形状的光谱反射率表现出相似的颜色不稳定性。实验结果表明，与对象的特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率相关的Wpt向量，而不是与非选择性反射率相关的Wpt向量，对MSP产生了显着影响。因此，可以为具有相似特征反射率和同分异构黑反射率的物体保留MSP。换句话说，已经被操纵为具有相似整体形状的光谱反射率表现出相似的颜色不稳定性。