Melanoma, as for many other cancers, undergoes a selection process during progression that limits many innate and adaptive tumor control mechanisms. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade overcomes one of the escape mechanisms but if the tumor is not eliminated other escape mechanisms evolve that require new approaches for tumor control. Some of the innate mechanisms that have evolved against infections with microorganisms and viruses are proving to be active against cancer cells but require better understanding of how they are activated and what inhibitory mechanisms may need to be targeted. This is particularly so for inflammasomes which have evolved against many different organisms and which recruit a number of cytotoxic mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Equally important is understanding of where these mechanisms will fit into existing treatment strategies and whether existing strategies already involve the innate killing mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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炎性体激活的先天杀伤机制在治疗黑色素瘤中是否起作用？

与许多其他癌症一样，黑色素瘤在进展过程中经历了选择过程，从而限制了许多先天性和适应性肿瘤控制机制。带有免疫检查点封锁的免疫疗法克服了一种逃逸机制，但是如果没有消除肿瘤，则会发展出其他逃逸机制，这需要新的肿瘤控制方法。事实证明，一些针对微生物和病毒感染的先天机制对癌细胞具有活性，但需要更好地了解它们如何被激活以及可能需要针对哪些抑制机制。对于针对许多不同生物进化并募集了许多细胞毒机制的炎症小体尤其如此。