Mouse models have been instrumental in understanding human disease biology and proposing possible new treatments. The precise control of the environment and genetic composition of mice allows more rigorous observations, but limits the generalizability and translatability of the results into human applications. In the era of precision medicine, strategies using mouse models have to be revisited to effectively emulate human populations. Systems genetics is one promising paradigm that may promote the transition to novel precision medicine strategies. Here, we review the state-of-the-art resources and discuss how mouse systems genetics helps to understand human diseases and to advance the development of precision medicine, with an emphasis on the existing resources and strategies.

中文翻译：

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小鼠系统遗传学作为精密医学的序幕。

小鼠模型有助于理解人类疾病生物学并提出可能的新疗法。精确控制小鼠的环境和遗传组成允许进行更严格的观察，但会限制结果的推广性和可移植性，将其应用于人类。在精密医学时代，必须重新考虑使用小鼠模型的策略，以有效地模拟人口。系统遗传学是一种有希望的范例，可以促进向新型精确医学策略的过渡。在这里，我们回顾了最新的资源，并讨论了小鼠系统遗传学如何帮助理解人类疾病并促进精密医学的发展，重点是现有资源和策略。