This bioprinting roadmap features salient advances in selected applications of the technique and highlights the status of current developments and challenges, as well as envisioned advances in science and technology, to address the challenges to the young and evolving technique. The topics covered in this roadmap encompass the broad spectrum of bioprinting; from cell expansion and novel bioink development to cell/stem cell printing, from organoid-based tissue organization to bioprinting of human-scale tissue structures, and from building cell/tissue/organ-on-a-chip to biomanufacturing of multicellular engineered living systems. The emerging application of printing-in-space and an overview of bioprinting technologies are also included in this roadmap. Due to the rapid pace of methodological advancements in bioprinting techniques and wide-ranging applications, the direction in which the field should advance is not immediately clear. This bioprinting roadmap addresses this unmet need by providing a comprehensive summary and recommendations useful to experienced researchers and newcomers to the field.

中文翻译：

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生物印刷路线图。

这份生物印刷路线图的特色是该技术在某些特定应用中的显着进步，并突出了当前发展和挑战的状况以及科学技术的预期进展，以应对新技术的挑战。本路线图涵盖的主题涵盖了广泛的生物打印；从细胞扩增和新型生物墨水开发到细胞/干细胞印刷，从基于类器官的组织组织到人类规模组织结构的生物印刷，以及从构建细胞/组织/单芯片器官到多细胞工程化生活系统的生物制造。该路线图还包括了空间打印的新兴应用和生物打印技术的概述。由于生物打印技术的方法学进步日新月异，应用范围广泛，因此该领域应前进的方向尚不清楚。此生物印刷路线图通过提供全面的摘要和建议来解决这一未满足的需求，这些摘要和建议对有经验的研究人员和该领域的新手有用。