Previous research reported modest associations between food environments near schools and adiposity among children overall. The associations within sociodemographic subgroups have not been synthesized. This review assessed the evidence on the associations between food environments near schools and childhood obesity within different demographic and socio‐economic subgroups. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to identify studies published in English between January 1, 1980, and April 25, 2019, examining the presence of fast food outlets, convenience stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores near schools and measures of overweight/obesity by race/ethnicity, gender, grade, and income level. Twelve cross‐sectional and two ecological studies were included. Fast food outlets were most commonly examined (n = 12). The associations between fast food outlets near schools and obesity were generally positive among Latino, white, and African American students and across grade levels, although the strengths of evidence varied. The directions of association were mixed among Asian children. Three studies reported generally positive associations between convenience stores and obesity among Latino and African American children and mixed associations among white and Asian children. Longitudinal studies are needed in addition to studies examining underlying mechanisms of the differential influence of food environments near schools within each subgroup.

中文翻译：

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学校附近的食物环境和体重-根据种族/民族，性​​别，等级和社会经济因素对协会的系统评价。

先前的研究报道，学校附近的食物环境与儿童总体肥胖之间的适度关联。社会人口学亚组内的关联尚未合成。这项评价评估了不同人口和社会经济亚组中学校附近食物环境与儿童肥胖之间关联的证据。搜索PubMed和Scopus数据库以识别在1980年1月1日至2019年4月25日之间以英语发表的研究，检查学校附近快餐店，便利店，超市和杂货店的存在以及按种族衡量超重/肥胖的措施/种族，性别，职等和收入水平。包括十二个横断面和两个生态学研究。快餐店最常被检查（n = 12）。尽管证据的力量各不相同，但拉丁美洲裔，白人和非裔美国学生以及各个年级之间，学校附近的快餐店和肥胖之间的关联通常是正相关的。亚裔儿童的交往方向参差不齐。三项研究报告了拉丁美洲人和非裔美国儿童中便利店与肥胖之间的正相关性，以及白人和亚洲儿童中的混合性相关性。除了研究每个亚组学校附近食物环境差异影响的潜在机制的研究之外，还需要进行纵向研究。亚裔儿童的交往方向参差不齐。三项研究报告了拉丁美洲人和非裔美国儿童中便利店与肥胖之间的正相关性，以及白人和亚洲儿童中的混合性相关性。除了研究每个亚组学校附近食物环境差异影响的潜在机制的研究之外，还需要进行纵向研究。亚裔儿童的交往方向参差不齐。三项研究报告了拉丁美洲人和非裔美国儿童中便利店与肥胖之间的正相关性，以及白人和亚洲儿童中的混合性相关性。除了研究每个亚组学校附近食物环境差异影响的潜在机制的研究之外，还需要进行纵向研究。