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Type 1 Interferon Responses Underlie Tumor-Selective Replication of Oncolytic Measles Virus.
Molecular Therapy ( IF 12.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.01.027
Sarah Aref 1 , Anna Z Castleton 1 , Katharine Bailey 1 , Richard Burt 1 , Aditi Dey 1 , Daniel Leongamornlert 2 , Rachel J Mitchell 1 , Dina Okasha 1 , Adele K Fielding 1
Affiliation  

The mechanism of tumor-selective replication of oncolytic measles virus (MV) is poorly understood. Using a stepwise model of cellular transformation, in which oncogenic hits were additively expressed in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, we show that MV-induced oncolysis increased progressively with transformation. The type 1 interferon (IFN) response to MV infection was significantly reduced and delayed, in accordance with the level of transformation. Consistently, we observed delayed and reduced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1) phosphorylation in the fully transformed cells. Pre-treatment with IFNβ restored resistance to MV-mediated oncolysis. Gene expression profiling to identify the genetic correlates of susceptibility to MV oncolysis revealed a dampened basal level of immune-related genes in the fully transformed cells compared to their normal counterparts. IFN-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) was the foremost basally downregulated immune gene. Stable IFITM1 overexpression in MV-susceptible cells resulted in a 50% increase in cell viability and a significant reduction in viral replication at 24 h after MV infection. Overall, our data indicate that the basal reduction in functions of the type 1 IFN pathway is a major contributor to the oncolytic selectivity of MV. In particular, we have identified IFITM1 as a restriction factor for oncolytic MV, acting at early stages of infection.

中文翻译:

1型干扰素反应是溶瘤性麻疹病毒肿瘤选择性复制的基础。

对溶瘤性麻疹病毒(MV)的肿瘤选择性复制的机制了解甚少。使用细胞转化的逐步模型,其中致癌性命中在人骨髓来源的间充质基质细胞中相加表达,我们显示MV诱导的溶瘤随转化而逐渐增加。根据转化水平,对MV感染的1型干扰素(IFN)反应显着降低和延迟。一致地,我们在完全转化的细胞中观察到延迟和减少的信号转导子和转录激活子(STAT1)磷酸化。用IFNβ预处理可恢复对MV介导的溶瘤的抗性。基因表达谱分析确定了MV溶瘤敏感性的遗传相关性,与正常对照相比,完全转化细胞中免疫相关基因的基础水平降低了。IFN诱导的跨膜蛋白1(IFITM1)是最基础的上调免疫基因。MV易感细胞中稳定的IFITM1过表达导致MV感染后24 h,细胞活力增加50%,病毒复制显着减少。总体而言,我们的数据表明1型IFN途径功能的基础降低是MV溶瘤选择性的主要因素。特别是,我们已将IFITM1确定为溶瘤性MV的限制性因子,在感染的早期阶段起作用。IFN诱导的跨膜蛋白1(IFITM1)是最基础的上调免疫基因。MV易感细胞中稳定的IFITM1过表达导致MV感染后24 h细胞活力增加50%,病毒复制显着减少。总体而言,我们的数据表明1型IFN途径功能的基础降低是MV溶瘤选择性的主要因素。特别是,我们已将IFITM1确定为溶瘤性MV的限制性因子,在感染的早期阶段起作用。IFN诱导的跨膜蛋白1(IFITM1)是最基础的上调免疫基因。MV易感细胞中稳定的IFITM1过表达导致MV感染后24 h细胞活力增加50%,病毒复制显着减少。总体而言,我们的数据表明1型IFN途径功能的基础降低是MV溶瘤选择性的主要因素。特别是,我们已将IFITM1确定为溶瘤性MV的限制性因子,在感染的早期阶段起作用。我们的数据表明1型IFN途径功能的基础降低是MV溶瘤选择性的主要因素。特别是,我们已将IFITM1确定为溶瘤性MV的限制性因子,在感染的早期阶段起作用。我们的数据表明1型IFN途径功能的基础降低是MV溶瘤选择性的主要因素。特别是,我们已将IFITM1确定为溶瘤性MV的限制性因子,在感染的早期阶段起作用。
更新日期:2020-02-04
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