Abstract Enzymes have been widely used because of their catalytic properties, and immobilization is a promising technique to improve their catalytic activity and stability. Due to their large specific surface areas, exceptional chemical, mechanical, thermal and cost effective characteristics, nanomaterials should be ideal carriers for the immobilization of enzymes. Enzymes immobilized on nano-carriers are more robust and stable, and can be recycled and reused. This review focuses on the nanomaterial immobilized enzymes and their applications. The introduction addresses the advantages of immobilized enzymes and the features of enzyme immobilization nanocarriers. The next section covers carbonaceous nanomaterials used in enzymes immobilization, with subsections on carbon nanotube, graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. The third section treats metallic nanomaterials for enzymes immobilization, with subsections on metal (gold), metal oxide (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide) and metal hydroxide (layered double hydroxide) nanomaterials. Then, the next section summarizes the applications of nanomaterial immobilized enzymes. A concluding section discusses the challenges and prospects of nanomaterial immobilized enzymes.

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纳米载体固定化酶及其应用研究进展

摘要 酶因其催化性能而被广泛应用，固定化是提高其催化活性和稳定性的一种很有前景的技术。由于其较大的比表面积、优异的化学、机械、热和成本效益特性，纳米材料应该是固定酶的理想载体。固定在纳米载体上的酶更稳健、更稳定，可以回收再利用。本综述重点介绍纳米材料固定化酶及其应用。介绍介绍了固定化酶的优点和酶固定化纳米载体的特点。下一节介绍了用于酶固定的碳质纳米材料，包括关于碳纳米管、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯的小节。第三部分处理用于酶固定的金属纳米材料，包括关于金属（金）、金属氧化物（二氧化钛、氧化锌）和金属氢氧化物（层状双氢氧化物）纳米材料的小节。然后，下一节总结了纳米材料固定化酶的应用。结论部分讨论了纳米材料固定化酶的挑战和前景。