Lignin forms a recalcitrant structure in lignocellulosic biomass and hence huge amount of enzymes are required for disintegrating it into their subsequent components, like glucose and other by-products. Thus, the pretreatment is an ineluctable step in the bioethanol scheme for the delignification of biomass and also the recovery of lignin, an emerging value added polymer in many industrial applications. A green facile method was developed wherein humic acid (HA) acts as a catalyst and surfactant in the alkali pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for the step reduction in lignin recovery scheme with phenomenal properties and enhanced enzymatic-hydrolysis. HA assisted experiments were performed with and without calcium chloride (CaCl₂). Effective disintegration of lignocellulose by the cleavage of β-O-4 moieties resulted in forming lignin and hydrolyzable biomaterial via two pathways. Possible covalent linkages between the HA and lignin resulted in the release of esters as a byproduct. Thus, the delignified biomass, the isolated lignin and a variety of esters, could be valorised in various industrial applications. The biomass was characterized by XRD and SEM analysis. The isolated lignin was characterized using FTIR, NMR, GPC, SEM, and TGA – DTA studies. The yield of recovered pure lignin for the two process was 90–100%, as measured through gravimetric analysis. The produced esters were confirmed using FTIR studies. Batch enzymatic hydrolysis was performed for the HA assisted de-lignified bagasse (without CaCl₂), which demonstrated a 19% increase in glucose yield compared to the alkali treated bagasse. The produced hydrolysates were subjected to fermentation for the production of ethanol.

木质素在木质纤维素生物质中形成顽强的结构，因此需要大量的酶才能将其分解成其后续成分，例如葡萄糖和其他副产物。因此，预处理是生物乙醇方案中生物量去木质化以及木质素的回收中不可避免的步骤，木质素是许多工业应用中新兴的增值聚合物。开发了一种绿色简便的方法，其中在甘蔗渣的碱预处理中，腐殖酸（HA）充当催化剂和表面活性剂，可逐步降低木质素回收计划，并具有惊人的性能和增强的酶水解作用。在有或没有氯化钙（CaCl ₂）。通过切割β-O-4部分，木质纤维素的有效分解导致木质素和可水解生物材料通过两种途径形成。HA和木质素之间可能存在的共价键导致酯类副产物的释放。因此，脱木质素的生物质，分离的木质素和各种酯可以在各种工业应用中得到增值。通过XRD和SEM分析表征生物质。使用FTIR，NMR，GPC，SEM和TGA – DTA研究对分离出的木质素进行表征。通过重量分析法测得，两种方法回收的纯木质素的收率为90-100％。使用FTIR研究证实了产生的酯。对HA辅助的脱木质蔗渣（无CaCl ₂），与碱处理过的蔗渣相比，葡萄糖产量提高了19％。将产生的水解产物进行发酵以产生乙醇。