Betula utilis D. Don. is an important species of alpine Himalaya and forms the major treeline component of western Himalaya. The different populations of B. utilis are declining and are under high risk. In the present study, novel expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST–SSR) primers were developed from expressed sequence tag (EST) data of different Betula species. Of the 10,796 designed primers, the percentages of di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-repeats were 36%, 35%, 15%, 5.5% and 7.7%, respectively. For validation, 50 primers were synthesized randomly and were characterized in 20 different B. utilis accessions from north-western Himalaya. Of these, 45 primers amplified fragments in a range of 1–6. The 24 polymorphic primers produced 111 fragments in aggregate with 4.6 fragments on average. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.288 in marker BUMS-24 to 0.497 in BUMS-3 and BUMS-7, with an average of 0.447 among polymorphic markers. Dendrogram based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and UPGMA method showed that newly developed SSR markers distinguished twenty accessions of B. utilis into two groups. As no SSR markers were available in this species, the newly developed markers will foster molecular genetics research and conservation efforts for this species.

桦木（Betula utilis） D. 喜马拉雅山是高山喜马拉雅山的重要树种，是喜马拉雅山西部的主要林木部分。util虫双歧杆菌的种群正在减少并且处于高风险中。在本研究中，从不同桦属物种的表达序列标签（EST）数据开发了新颖的表达序列标签-简单序列重复（EST-SSR）引物。在设计的10,796条引物中，二重复，三重复，四重复，五重复和六重复的百分比分别为36％，35％，15％，5.5％和7.7％。为了验证，随机合成了50个引物，并在20种不同的B. utilis中进行了表征来自喜马拉雅山西北部的种质。其中，有45种引物扩增的片段范围为1-6。24个多态性引物总共产生111个片段，平均4.6个片段。多态性信息含量（PIC）的范围从标记BUMS-24的0.288到BUMS-3和BUMS-7的0.497，平均在多态性标记中为0.447。基于Jaccard相似系数和UPGMA方法的树状图显示，新开发的SSR标记将distinguished虫双歧杆菌的20个种分为两类。由于该物种中没有SSR标记，因此新开发的标记将促进该物种的分子遗传学研究和保护工作。