Howler monkey tolerance to habitat shrinking: Lifetime warranty or death sentence?,American Journal of Primatology

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Howler monkey tolerance to habitat shrinking: Lifetime warranty or death sentence?
American Journal of Primatology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 , DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23089
Júlio César Bicca-Marques ₁ , Óscar M Chaves ₂ , Gabriela Pacheco Hass ₁

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Habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to the conservation of nonhuman primates. Given that species differ in their responses to fragmented landscapes, identifying the factors that enable them to cope with altered environments or that cause their extirpation is critical to design conservation management strategies. Howler monkeys (Alouatta spp.) are good models for studying the strategies of tolerant arboreal taxa and how they cope with spatial restriction, because they live in habitats ranging from vast pristine forests to small disturbed fragments and orchards. While some aspects of their ecology and behavior are conserved, others vary in predictable ways in response to habitat shrinking and decreasing resource availability. We argue that the ability of individual howler monkeys to inhabit low-quality environments does not guarantee the long-term persistence of the small populations that live under these conditions. Their local extirpation explains why few forest fragments below a given area threshold are frequently inhabited in landscapes where recolonization and gene flow are compromised by long isolation distances or less permeable matrices. In sum, howlers' ability to cope with habitat restriction at the individual level in the short-term may mask the inevitable fate of isolated populations, thereby compromising the persistence of the species at a regional scale in the long-term if howlers' need for protection in large forests is undervalued.

中文翻译：

monkey猴对栖息地萎缩的耐受性：终身保修还是死刑？

栖息地的丧失和分裂是对非人类灵长类动物保护的主要威胁。鉴于物种对支离破碎的景观的反应各不相同，因此确定使它们能够应对变化的环境或导致其灭绝的因素对于设计保护管理策略至关重要。ler猴（Alouatta spp。）是研究耐受性树栖类群策略以及它们如何应对空间限制的良好模型，因为它们生活在从广阔的原始森林到小小的受干扰的碎片和果园的栖息地。尽管保护了它们的生态和行为的某些方面，但其他方面却以可预测的方式发生变化，以应对栖息地的缩小和资源可用性的下降。我们认为，单个how猴在低质量环境中栖息的能力不能保证生活在这些条件下的小种群的长期生存。他们的局部灭绝解释了为什么在给定面积阈值以下的森林碎片很少有人居住在景观中，在这些景观中，重新定殖和基因流动受到长距离隔离或渗透性差的基质的影响。总而言之，level叫者在短期内应对个体水平栖息地限制的能力可能掩盖了不可避免的孤立种群的命运，从而从长远来看如果how叫者需要对物种的持久性造成损害，大森林的保护被低估了。他们的局部灭绝解释了为什么在给定面积阈值以下的森林碎片很少有人居住在景观中，在这些景观中，重新定殖和基因流动受到长距离隔离或渗透性差的基质的影响。总而言之，level叫者在短期内应对个体水平栖息地限制的能力可能掩盖了不可避免的孤立种群的命运，从而从长远来看如果how叫者需要对物种的持久性造成损害，大森林的保护被低估了。他们的局部灭绝解释了为什么在给定面积阈值以下的森林碎片很少有人居住在景观中，在这些景观中，重新定殖和基因流动受到长距离隔离或渗透性差的基质的影响。总而言之，level叫者在短期内应对个体水平栖息地限制的能力可能掩盖了不可避免的孤立种群的命运，从而从长远来看如果how叫者需要对物种的持久性造成损害，大森林的保护被低估了。

更新日期：2020-04-13

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