Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a heterogeneous range of neurodevelopmental conditions represented by symptoms including, communication and language deficits, repetitive, and restricted patterns of behavior and inadequate social interactions. Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is known to mediate I responses in the central nervous system by interacting with GABA signaling receptors. In this context, several recent investigations suggest that imbalances in the GABAergic neurotransmission system may be implicated in the development of ASD as well as several other neurodevelopmental disorders, including Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and Rett syndrome. This review initially expounds the functional role of the GABAergic system in the mature brain and during neurodevelopment. This will be followed by discussions concerning the impact of deficiencies in the system on ASD and the other above‐mentioned neurodevelopment disorders. Finally, the connections between these deficiencies and behavioral features observed in the clinic will be considered.

中文翻译：

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GABA能神经回路在自闭症谱系障碍发病机制中的作用

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 包括一系列以症状为代表的异质神经发育状况，包括沟通和语言缺陷、重复和受限的行为模式以及社交互动不足。已知γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）通过与 GABA 信号受体相互作用来介导中枢神经系统中的 I 反应。在这种情况下，最近的几项调查表明 GABA 能神经传递系统的不平衡可能与 ASD 以及其他几种神经发育障碍的发展有关，包括脆性 X 综合征 (FXS) 和 Rett 综合征。本综述首先阐述了 GABA 能系统在成熟大脑和神经发育过程中的功能作用。随后将讨论系统缺陷对 ASD 和其他上述神经发育障碍的影响。最后，将考虑这些缺陷与临床观察到的行为特征之间的联系。