Cracks are created by massive breakage of molecular or atomic bonds. The latter, in its turn, leads to the highly localized loss of material, which is the reason why even closed cracks are visible by a naked eye. Thus, fracture can be interpreted as the local material sink. Mass conservation is violated locally in the area of material failure. We consider a theoretical formulation of the coupled mass and momenta balance equations for a description of fracture. Our focus is on brittle fracture and we propose a finite strain hyperelastic thermodynamic framework for the coupled mass-flow-elastic boundary value problem. The attractiveness of the proposed framework as compared to the traditional continuum damage theories is that no internal parameters (like damage variables, phase fields, etc.) are used while the regularization of the failure localization is provided by the physically sound law of mass balance.

中文翻译：

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骨折是物质汇

裂纹是由于分子或原子键的大量断裂而产生的。反过来，后者导致材料的高度局部损失，这就是为什么用肉眼甚至可以看到闭合裂缝的原因。因此，断裂可以解释为局部材料下沉。在材料故障区域，局部违反了质量守恒原则。我们考虑耦合质量和动量平衡方程的理论公式来描述断裂。我们的重点是脆性断裂，针对耦合的质量-流量-弹性边界值问题，我们提出了一个有限应变超弹性热力学框架。与传统的连续损伤理论相比，该框架的吸引力在于没有内部参数（例如损伤变量，相场等）。