Quantum computing systems promise to increase the capabilities for solving problems which classical computers cannot handle adequately, such as integers factorization. In this paper, we present a formal modeling and verification approach for optical quantum circuits, where we build a rich library of optical quantum gates and develop a proof strategy in higher-order logic to reason about optical quantum circuits automatically. The constructed library contains a variety of quantum gates ranging from 1-qubit to 3-qubit gates that are sufficient to model most existing quantum circuits. As real world applications, we present the formal analysis of several quantum circuits including quantum full adders and the Grover’s oracle circuits, for which we have proved the behavioral correctness and calculated the operational success rate, which has never been provided in the literature. We show through several case studies the efficiency of the proposed framework in terms of the scalability and modularity.

中文翻译：

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一种光量子电路的建模与验证框架

量子计算系统有望提高解决经典计算机无法充分处理的问题的能力，例如整数分解。在本文中，我们提出了一种光量子电路的形式化建模和验证方法，我们构建了一个丰富的光量子门库，并开发了一种高阶逻辑的证明策略来自动推理光量子电路。构建的库包含从 1-qubit 到 3-qubit 的各种量子门，足以模拟大多数现有的量子电路。作为现实世界的应用，我们对包括量子全加器和格罗弗预言电路在内的几个量子电路进行了形式分析，我们已经证明了行为正确性并计算了操作成功率，这在文献中从未提供过。我们通过几个案例研究展示了所提出的框架在可扩展性和模块化方面的效率。