This article discusses the long period of formation of a new agroforestry paradigm, starting from the adoption in 1948 of a plan of forest protection afforestation until the present. The achievements of science of that time, put into practice, served as the basis for decisions on the global transformation of nature. Pilot objects of the early 20th century (Bogdinskii agroforestry reclamation base, Kamenno-stepnoi oasis) still serve as reference objects for agroforestry reclamation of territories, formed on the basis of a scientific approach, which allows them still to function productively. The main idea of the plan was the fight against drought and desertification of steppe lands, erosion processes, and the prevention of sand and dust storms. The creation of 5 709 000 ha of protective forest stands, afforestation of 1 106 000 ha of gullies, fixing and afforestation of sand on an area of 322 000 ha, and the implementation of a large amount of planned activities in a short time put this plan into the category of grandiose projects of an international level. The authors of this paper would like to draw attention to the timing and volume of plantings of paramount importance: state protective forest belts and protective forest plantings. Understanding the importance of agroforestry for modern agricultural landscapes has led to the formation of sustainable and durable agroforestry systems in subarid landscapes based on a combination of agricultural and landscape-ecological ideologies. It is argued that, taking into account the ecotopes of the area, using a three-dimensional assessment of the agrolandscape and based on a nonlinear approach, it is possible to create multifunctional highly productive agroforestry reclamation systems in critical farming areas.

中文翻译：

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新农林业范式的形成

本文讨论了从 1948 年通过森林保护造林计划到现在的新农林业范式形成的漫长时期。当时的科学成果付诸实践，成为全球自然转变决策的基础。20 世纪初的试点对象（Bogdinskii 农林复垦基地、Kamenno-stepnoi 绿洲）仍然作为基于科学方法形成的农林复垦土地的参考对象，这使它们仍然能够有效地发挥作用。该计划的主要思想是抗击草原土地的干旱和荒漠化、侵蚀过程以及防止沙尘暴。创建 5 709 000 公顷防护林，植树造林 1 106 000 公顷沟壑，固沙造林面积32.2万公顷，并在短时间内实施了大量的计划活动，使该计划成为国际级的宏大工程。本文的作者想提请注意最重要的种植时间和数量：国家防护林带和防护林种植。了解农林业对现代农业景观的重要性，导致在农业和景观生态意识形态相结合的亚干旱景观中形成了可持续和持久的农林业系统。有人认为，考虑到该地区的生态环境，使用农业景观的三维评估并基于非线性方法，