Concrete structures expand and contract in response to temperature changes which can result in structural strain and cracking. However, there is a limited amount of robust field data on hybrid concrete floor structures. Shortage of such data impacts on our understanding of how concrete structures respond to thermal effects and ultimately the overall design of concrete structures. Thus, a comprehensive structural and environmental monitoring strategy was implemented by the authors during the construction of an educational building. Sensors were embedded in the precast and in situ components of a hybrid concrete lattice girder flat slab so that the thermal response of the floor during the manufacture, construction and operational stages could be investigated. Many aspects of the thermal behaviour of the floor during the construction phase were monitored using the embedded sensors. The early-age thermal effects during curing and the impact of the variation of ambient temperature (daily and seasonal) and solar radiation on the behaviour of concrete floor is explored in the paper. Values for restraint factors and the in situ restrained coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete are calculated using the data from the embedded sensors. Numerical modelling of the thermal behaviour of the hybrid concrete floor was undertaken and validated using the real-time field measurements. The data presented and analysed in this paper can be used to improve the understanding and modelling of the thermal behaviour of a hybrid concrete floor. This will assist with improved design of sustainable buildings as it allows the environmental performance of the floor to be optimised with respect to controlling the internal environment, thermal mass and energy efficiency.

中文翻译：

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使用嵌入式传感器研究混合预制混凝土地板的热行为

混凝土结构会随着温度变化而膨胀和收缩，这会导致结构应变和开裂。然而，关于混合混凝土楼板结构的可靠现场数据数量有限。缺乏此类数据会影响我们对混凝土结构如何响应热效应的理解，并最终影响混凝土结构的整体设计。因此，作者在建造教育建筑期间实施了全面的结构和环境监测策略。传感器被嵌入到混合混凝土格子梁平板的预制和原位组件中，以便可以研究地板在制造、施工和运行阶段的热响应。在施工阶段，地板的热行为的许多方面都使用嵌入式传感器进行监测。本文探讨了固化过程中的早期热效应以及环境温度（每日和季节性）和太阳辐射的变化对混凝土地板行为的影响。使用来自嵌入式传感器的数据计算约束因子值和混凝土热膨胀的原位约束系数。对混合混凝土地板的热行为进行了数值模拟，并使用实时现场测量进行了验证。本文中提供和分析的数据可用于提高对混合混凝土地板热行为的理解和建模。